American redfish breeding technology

(1) The conditions and requirements for aquaculture ponds are crucial for successful fish farming. Adult ponds are typically 5-10 mu in size, with a preferred range of 3-5 mu. The water depth should be between 1.5 to 2.5 meters. Sandy loam soil is ideal for pond construction. Water quality parameters must be closely monitored, with dissolved oxygen levels maintained above 6.5 mg/l, ammonia concentration below 0.3 mg/l, and a pH level between 7.5 and 8.5 to ensure optimal conditions for aquatic life.

(2) Before stocking, it's essential to prepare the pond properly. This includes sterilizing the pond and refilling it according to standard marine aquaculture practices. Fertilization of new water should be done 7 to 10 days before planting to promote healthy algae growth. Pre-drainage is usually carried out to a depth of 70-80 cm, which helps increase water temperature more quickly and creates a favorable environment for fish.

(3) Fish stocking specifications and density play a key role in pond management. The recommended size for fingerlings is 1.9-4.3 grams per individual, with a stocking density of approximately 1,500 fish per mu. Proper stocking ensures that the pond can support the fish without overpopulation or resource depletion.

(4) During the cultivation period, regular monitoring of pond conditions is essential. Water quality should be strictly controlled, and any issues should be addressed promptly. Daily feeding should account for 2-5% of the fish’s body weight, with two feedings per day—once in the morning between 8-9 am and once in the afternoon between 3-4 pm. Feeding should be consistent, timely, and measured. It's also important to maintain the water level at around 2 meters and perform a daily water exchange of about 20%. Regular cleaning of the pond area, removal of weeds, macroalgae, and leftover feed is necessary to prevent disease. Medication should be administered regularly as a preventive measure, and any signs of illness should be investigated immediately. Keeping detailed records of all activities is highly recommended.

Cage Culture

(1) In cage culture, fish stocking specifications vary depending on the stage of growth. There are two main types: mid-cultivation for seedlings and the growing stage. For the mid-cultivation phase, fish of about 2.5 cm in length are ideal. At a temperature of 23-28°C, they can grow to approximately 6 cm within 30-40 days. The maximum stocking density for this stage is 1,500 fish per cubic meter. In the growing stage, fish measuring 6 cm are stocked at a density of 60-100 per cubic meter, with an optimal range of 20-30 per cubic meter to allow for proper development.

(2) Daily management of cages involves regular safety checks to prevent fish from escaping. The structure of the cage should be inspected frequently to ensure it remains intact. Detailed records should be kept of feeding schedules, fish activity, feeding behavior, water temperature, salinity, mortality rates, weather changes, and fish growth (measured every 10-15 days). Any damage to the cage should be repaired promptly to maintain a safe and stable environment.

(3) Cage attachments such as algae, bryozoans, sponges, ascidians, and sediments can reduce water flow and affect fish health. These should be removed regularly. Hand-washing is effective, but using high-pressure water guns or submersible pumps is more efficient for removing stubborn deposits. It's important not to replace the cage unless absolutely necessary, as frequent changes can stress the fish.

Feeding

There are two main types of feed used in aquaculture: small trash fish and compound feed. When using trash fish, freshness is critical to ensure good nutrition and avoid disease. The daily feeding amount should be 2-5% of the fish’s body weight, and feeding should be done twice a day to maintain consistent energy levels and promote healthy growth.

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