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Observation of cotton bolls applied flower bell fertilizer
In the middle to late stages of cotton growth, it's essential to apply flower and boll fertilizer accurately based on changes in the color of the bolls and leaves. When the plants are vigorous, with strong seedlings, abundant buds, lush flowering, large dark green leaves, thin internodes, and poorly developed bolls, it's best to delay the application of fertilizer until the leaves start to show slight discoloration. At that point, you can apply the fertilizer to boost boll formation. On the other hand, if the soil is poor, the plants are weak, with fewer buds, small leaves, pale color, short and thin internodes, and early signs of yellowing during flowering, it’s advisable to apply 5 to 8 kg of urea per mu earlier to support the plant’s development and ensure timely flower and boll fertilization.
The timing of flower and boll fertilizer application also depends on the variety. For varieties with a high boll concentration and early maturity, it’s better to apply fertilizer earlier so that its peak effect aligns with the flowering and bolling period. If the weather is dry and temperatures are high early on, leading to rapid evaporation of soil moisture, it’s important to apply fertilizer in advance to maintain normal leaf and plant color. For fields with poor soil or weak growth, especially those that received less fertilizer in the early stages, don’t wait for the flowering period—monitor the boll and leaf color and apply fertilizer earlier, even during the initial blooming phase. For late-maturing varieties, if the growth is good but the bolls are small, avoid applying fertilizer too early. Instead, use a controlled amount to ensure steady boll development.
The quantity of flower and boll fertilizer should be adjusted according to the condition of the bolls and leaves. If there are many bolls and the leaves are showing rapid color fading, it’s better to apply fertilizer sooner. Conversely, if the boll count is low and the leaf color fades slowly, fertilizer should be applied later. Using long-term urea at a rate of 10–15 kg per mu is often effective in such cases.
During the hot season when flowering and bolling occur, deep application of fertilizer improves efficiency. It’s recommended to apply fertilizer 10–12 cm deep, keeping it at least 15 cm away from the cotton plants. If the growth appears to be slowing down, you can add 1 kg of urea per mu and spray 150–200 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with 80–100 kg of water. This helps increase boll weight, promote early maturation, and improve both quality and yield.
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