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Observation of cotton bolls applied flower bell fertilizer
In the middle and late growth stages of cotton, it's essential to apply flower and boll fertilizer based on changes in the color of the bolls and leaves. When the plants are vigorous, with lush foliage, large dark green leaves, thin internodes, and poorly developed bolls, it's best to delay the application of fertilizer until the leaves start to fade. This helps increase the number of bolls and ensures timely fertilization when needed. However, if the plants show signs of poor growth—such as weak seedlings, fewer buds, small and pale leaves, and a lack of flowering vigor—it's advisable to apply 5 to 8 kg of urea per mu early to support the flowering and boll development.
The timing of flower and boll fertilizer varies depending on the variety. For varieties that mature early and have a high boll density, it's better to apply fertilizer earlier so that the peak nutrient uptake aligns with the flowering and boll-setting period. In dry and hot weather, where soil moisture evaporates quickly, it's important to apply fertilizer in advance to maintain healthy plant color. For fields with poor soil or weak growth, especially those that received less fertilizer early on, it's better not to wait for full flowering. Instead, monitor the boll and leaf color and apply fertilizer during the early blooming stage. For late-developing cotton, if the growth is strong but the bolls are small, avoid early fertilization and use a moderate amount to ensure steady boll development.
The quantity of flower and boll fertilizer should be determined by the condition of the bolls and leaves. If there are many bolls and the leaves change color rapidly, it’s better to apply fertilizer earlier. Conversely, if the bolls are few and the leaf color fades slowly, fertilizer can be applied later. Using slow-release urea at a rate of 10–15 kg per mu is often effective.
During the flowering and bolling phase, which typically occurs in the hottest season, deep application of fertilizer improves efficiency. A depth of 10–12 cm is recommended, keeping it at least 15 cm away from the base of the plant. If the crop shows signs of delayed growth, you can add 1 kg of urea per mu and spray 150–200 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed in 80–100 kg of water. This helps increase boll weight, promote earlier maturity, and improve both quality and yield.
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