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Cultivation and Irrigation of Muskmelon
In dryland seedmelon cultivation, yield is highly unstable due to the influence of rainfall. To ensure consistent growth and productivity, it's crucial to implement artificial irrigation whenever necessary. In regions like the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, melons typically enter the dry season later in their growth cycle, requiring regular water replenishment and multiple furrow irrigation sessions.
Farmers across the country have developed extensive knowledge about irrigation practices. A common approach is to avoid watering during the seedling stage, allowing vines to extend naturally without excessive moisture. As the fruit begins to rapidly expand, frequent and sufficient watering becomes essential. However, it’s important to stop irrigation 5–7 days before harvest to improve flavor and prevent overwatering.
Beyond just timing, farmers also closely monitor plant health. If the leaves appear light green and the vine tips grow upward, it suggests the plant has too much water. Conversely, dark green leaves with thick foliage indicate proper hydration. If the leaves curl slightly at noon and don’t recover by evening, this is a sign of severe water stress, and immediate irrigation is needed.
Irrigation should primarily be done through furrow or drip systems rather than flood irrigation. Furrow irrigation allows water to penetrate deeper into the soil—1–2 times more than surface flooding. It’s best to water in the early morning or late evening to reduce evaporation and maximize absorption.
During the rainy season, increased precipitation leads to higher soil moisture and reduced soil porosity. Poor drainage can hinder root respiration and weaken nutrient uptake, which negatively affects plant development. If water accumulates for more than 12 hours, the roots may become waterlogged, leading to lignification or even rot if left unchecked for five days. Therefore, proper drainage is essential to avoid water pooling around the roots.
By combining scientific irrigation techniques with careful observation of plant conditions, farmers can optimize melon growth and ensure high-quality yields throughout the growing season.
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