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Outdoor vegetable anti-high temperature method
During the summer heat, growing vegetables outdoors can be extremely challenging due to high temperatures. In addition to selecting heat-resistant varieties, there are several effective measures that can be taken to protect crops and ensure successful cultivation.
For small vegetable plots, shading can be achieved by using natural materials such as branches or grass mats to create a cooling effect. Temporary small sheds can also be constructed and covered with shade nets. These structures not only help lower temperatures but also provide protection from intense sunlight and potential rainstorms.
Another method is to cover the ground with grass or hay. Whether you're starting seedlings traditionally or using raised beds, after sowing, covering the seedbeds with thin layers of grass or straw can help retain moisture and keep the soil cool, which significantly improves germination rates. Once about 60% of the seedlings have emerged, the cover should be removed gradually, allowing the plants to acclimate to sunlight and avoid sunburn.
Increasing the leaf cover on the plants themselves can also provide natural shade. For example, when pruning tomatoes in summer, it's advisable to leave two layers of leaves above the fruit cluster. Similarly, for peppers, leaving two leaves before pinching the top branch helps maintain a cooling effect. In the case of watermelons, farmers often use the vine leaves to cover the fruit, providing both shade and protection from overheating.
Irrigation is another key factor. During hot periods, it's best to cover the soil surface with wheat straw or bran, along with a thin layer of dry soil, to reduce evaporation and lower the temperature. Watering should be done early in the morning or late in the evening to avoid excessive evaporation. During the rainy season, it's important to drain excess water from fields promptly. After rain, using well water to irrigate can help lower the temperature. Sprinkler irrigation can also help reduce ground temperature and increase air humidity, creating a more favorable environment for plant growth.
Intercropping is another effective strategy. Some farmers plant corn between sweet pepper rows, using the tall corn plants to provide shade and reduce the temperature in the pepper field. This method not only helps with cooling but also maximizes land use efficiency.
By implementing these techniques, vegetable growers can better manage the challenges of summer heat and improve crop yield and quality.