Drug Intermediates -Pharmaceutical intermediates: A material that is produced during a process step of the drug substance and must undergo further molecular changes or refining before it becomes a drug substance. The intermediates can be separated or not separated.
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (APIS)(or Drug Substance) : Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API)(or Drug Substance) : Any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products and, when used in pharmaceutical products, to be an active ingredient in pharmaceutical products. Such substances have pharmacological activity or other direct effects in the diagnosis, treatment, symptom relief, management or prevention of disease, or can affect the function and structure of the body. As can be seen from the definition, the Intermediates APIS is a key product of the previous process of manufacturing the API and has a different structure from the API
Finally, for example, amoxicillin capsules are called preparations, amoxicillin is called APIS, and 6-APA is called Veterinary Intermediates APIS.
Penicillin potassium for injection is called preparation, penicillin potassium is called Veterinary raw materials, and green potassium industrial salt is called intermediate
Pharma intermediates,Pharmaceutical intermediates,intermediate api ,apis and intermediates NANYANG CHENGPENG PHARMACEUTICAL CO.,LTD , https://www.chppharm.com
Winter Blues Essentials
As winter settles in across most regions of the country, cold winds and snow are becoming more frequent. Temperatures are dropping rapidly, marking another critical phase for orchid care. For Lanyou growers, mastering the art of winter feeding is essential. Doing it right can significantly boost growth and flowering, so it's a matter that shouldn't be overlooked.
Orchids should now be brought indoors. Traditionally, this was done after the first frost, but with global warming leading to milder winters, it's not too late. However, certain species like Moran may need to be moved earlier. For varieties such as Jianlan, Hanlan, Lianhe, and Chunjian, timing depends on local conditions. Based on past experience, the arrival of cold snaps signals that Chunlan and Daihua should be brought inside. If the plants are particularly strong, early winter movement might even be beneficial.
Be cautious of winter rain. While some moisture is good, prolonged wet weather can harm orchids, especially those with buds. Excessive rain during cold periods can damage flower quality and reduce bloom potential. In extreme cases, heavy rain mixed with snow can be dangerous—not just for humans, but for delicate orchids as well. Traditional varieties are especially vulnerable. Therefore, during the dormant period, it’s important to protect them from harsh elements.
Proper arrangement is key when moving orchids indoors. Place different types based on their light needs—core varieties should face the sun to encourage vibrant blooms. Orchids that require more water, like broadleaf species, should be positioned where they’re easy to manage and watered regularly.
Effective winter management starts with controlling ventilation. During the day, open windows to allow fresh air in, but close them at night if temperatures drop below 5°C to maintain warmth. Avoid fertilizing when temperatures fall below 15°C, as orchids can’t absorb nutrients efficiently, and excess fertilizer can cause harm. Watering should also be reduced, following the principle of “not overwatering†or “only watering when necessary.â€
Winter orchid care is similar to raising a child—it requires balance. Too much warmth or attention can do more harm than good. Don’t overdo it; excessive care can lead to problems like dry buds or poor growth. The finest orchids thrive in controlled environments, growing strong through discipline and patience.
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Winter Blues Essentials