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Scientific use of corn harvesters
The development of corn harvesting machinery has advanced rapidly, and the technical demands are quite high. To ensure efficient performance and extend the machine's lifespan, it is essential to use the equipment properly. Below are detailed instructions on how to operate a corn harvester and important precautions to take:
Before starting the machine, perform a thorough inspection. First, check that all bearings and high-speed rotating components, such as the stalk cutting device and intermediate shaft, are correctly installed. Next, verify the tension of the V-belt and chain. Make sure there are no tools or foreign objects left on the working parts, and confirm that all protective covers are in place. Finally, check that fuel, oil, and lubricants are at the correct levels.
Next, conduct a no-load test run. Disengage the engine clutch and place the gear shift in neutral. Start the engine and gradually engage the clutch at low speed. Once all moving parts and mechanisms operate smoothly, slowly increase the engine speed to the rated level and let the harvester run at that speed. During operation, check the hydraulic system by activating the hydraulic cylinder sequentially. Inspect the sealing of the hydraulic pipes and components, and test the braking system. After every 20 minutes of running, disengage the clutch and inspect the bearings for overheating, check the belt and chain transmission, and ensure all connections are tight. When all gears have been tested, the harvester is ready for use. The initial air-running time should be at least 3 hours, and the air-traffic time should not be less than 1 hour.
During the operational test run, it is recommended to run the harvester at 20% to 25% lower speed during the first 30 hours of use. After that, you can operate it at the speed suggested in the manual. Following the test run, thoroughly check the tightening of all components, the accuracy of assembly adjustments, and the condition of electrical systems. Replace the lubricant in all gearboxes and close them securely.
While operating, make sure to smoothly engage the clutch of the working part before starting. Gradually increase the throttle until the rated speed is reached, then begin harvesting. While in the field, regularly check the quality of the cut and crushing, and adjust the header height as needed. Monitor the number of grains scattered on the ground, ensuring that grain loss does not exceed 0.5% of the total. If losses are high, check the gap between the picking plates.
It’s also important to stop the harvester for 1 to 2 minutes periodically to allow the working parts to run empty, removing any remaining ears or kernels and preventing blockages. If a blockage occurs, stop the machine immediately to clear it, as failure to do so can cause excessive friction and damage to internal components. When turning or moving along the rows, raise the header to the transport position. In fields with ditches, only operate the harvester along the ditch to avoid damage or instability.
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Scientific use of corn harvesters