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Australian shellfish fish cage culture new technology
Australian shellfish cage farming offers numerous benefits that have gained attention in recent years. While many farmers traditionally cultivate bamboo shellfish in ponds, the use of cage culture remains less common. Although some are aware of cage farming techniques used in Thailand, these methods are rarely applied in mainland China. Given the limited mobility of Australian shellfish, they are well-suited for small water environments. Cage farming in ponds or reservoirs provides several advantages:
1. Easy maintenance: With cage culture, it's simple to monitor and check the health of the fish. Daily activities are clearly visible, making it easy to detect any issues quickly. When grading fish by size, the process is straightforward and efficient.
2. Improved growth: Due to the confined space of the cage, the fish tend to gather together. This ensures all fish get enough food, leading to better feeding efficiency and faster growth rates.
3. High water utilization: Many pond farmers want to raise multiple species. However, Australian shellfish are docile and don't move much, which can interfere with other fish. By using cages on both sides of bridges or ponds, you can integrate other compatible species, maximizing productivity and yield.
4. Optimal stocking density: It’s best to start with seedlings that are at least 8–10 cm long. A typical stocking density is about 100 fish per square meter, and this can be maintained until they reach market size (around 500 grams), provided the water quality remains clean.
Cage farming conditions for Australian shellfish include:
1. Large ponds or reservoirs with good water depth are ideal for cage farming due to stable water conditions.
2. Cages are typically 4 meters long and 3 meters wide, with a depth of about 2 meters. The mesh size should match the size of the fish being raised. High-quality nets and cables are essential for durability.
3. Net placement: The bottom of the cage should be 30 cm above the pond floor to prevent pollution. The corners should be rounded to avoid damage. Before placing seedlings, it's recommended to introduce water lettuce covering 60% of the cage area, leaving 40% open for feeding. A tight net bag should be placed under the feeding area to collect leftover bait, preventing waste and pollution.
4. Feeding: The primary diet consists of soft baits like chilled fish or squid. As the fish grow, cut fish can be used. Feeding should be done regularly using an artificial renewal box, ensuring consistent supply without overfeeding.
Important considerations for cage farming:
1. Keep cages intact to prevent escape, especially in ponds where crabs or turtles may be present. Use sticky nets around the cage perimeter to catch any intruders.
2. Over time, algae may accumulate on the cage. To clean, pour potassium permanganate solution into the cage area for 20 minutes, which helps remove algae and disinfect the environment.
3. Regular grading is necessary as fish grow at different rates. Check for holes in the netting and repair or replace them promptly. In winter, ensure the cage is positioned to maintain suitable temperatures for the fish.
4. Start with trial runs to build confidence. Australian shellfish cage farming is a promising method. Try with a few cages first, then expand gradually. With experience, you can become a successful aquaculturist.
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