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Australian shellfish fish cage culture new technology
Australian Shellfish Cage Culture Benefits
In recent years, many farmers have been cultivating bamboo shellfish in ponds, but cage culture remains a less commonly used method. Although some are aware of cage breeding techniques in Thailand, these methods are more widely applied in mainland China. Considering the life characteristics of Australian shellfish, which have limited mobility, they are well-suited for small water environments. Cage culture in ponds or reservoirs offers several advantages:
1. Easy Maintenance: With cage culture, it's easier to monitor and check the fish's condition. Daily activities are clearly visible, making it simple to detect any issues and respond quickly. When it comes to multiple size grading during the breeding process, the distribution of fish becomes straightforward.
2. Improved Growth: Using cage culture results in better growth rates, with fish growing more uniformly and rapidly. Due to the confined space, fish tend to gather, ensuring that all of them can access food efficiently. This concentrated feeding leads to better nutrition, promoting faster growth.
3. Efficient Water Use: Many farmers use ponds for breeding, but they also want to raise other species. Since Australian shellfish are docile and don't swim much, mixing them with other fish can affect their feeding and growth. By placing cages on both sides of bridges or in designated areas, ponds can host compatible species, maximizing productivity and achieving higher yields.
4. Stocking Density: It's ideal to stock seedlings that are at least 8-10 centimeters long. A density of about 100 fish per square meter is recommended, and this can be maintained until the fish reach market size of around 500 grams, provided the water quality remains clean and fresh.
Cage Culture Conditions for Australian Shellfish
1. Suitable Water Bodies: Cage culture requires larger ponds or reservoirs with good water depth. Reservoirs are especially favorable due to their stable water conditions.
2. Cage Dimensions: Typically, the cages are 4 meters long and 3 meters wide, with a depth of about 2 meters. The mesh size depends on the size of the fish being raised. High-quality nets and cables should be used to ensure durability and smoothness.
3. Net Installation: The bottom of the cage should be kept about 30 cm above the pond floor to prevent contamination. The corners should be rounded to avoid damage. Before stocking, water lettuce should be placed inside the cage, covering approximately 3/5 of the area, leaving 2/5 open for feeding. A tight net bag should be placed under the feeding area to collect leftover food after each feeding, preventing waste and pollution.
4. Feeding Practices: Australian shellfish primarily feed on soft baits like chilled fish or squid. As the fish grow, cut fish can be used, and feeding should be done using an artificial renewal box. Feeding times should be consistent, and the amount of food should be based on the fish’s consumption.
Important Considerations for Cage Culture
1. Maintain Cage Integrity: Cages must remain intact to prevent escape, especially in ponds where crabs or turtles may be present. To prevent these animals from entering, sticky nets can be placed around the cage, 2 meters away, to catch any intruders.
2. Clean Cages Regularly: Over time, algae can build up on the cages, reducing water flow. A solution of potassium permanganate can be used to clean the cage area for 20 minutes, effectively removing algae and disinfecting the environment.
3. Regular Grading: During the breeding process, fish will vary in size. To prevent competition, timely grading is essential. Check the cage for holes regularly and repair or replace as needed. In winter, ensure the temperature is suitable for the fish.
4. Build Confidence Through Trials: Cage culture for Australian shellfish is a highly effective method. Having tried various approaches, I’ve gained practical experience through multiple batches of differently sized fish. If you’re unsure, start with a small number of cages and gradually expand. With time, you’ll become a skilled aquaculturist.
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