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Green broccoli cultivation in greenhouse
Cauliflower cultivation requires careful preparation and management during the seedling stage. First, selecting the right seedbed is essential. In autumn, it's recommended to use plots rich in organic matter for the nursery. The seedbed should be enriched with base fertilizer and NPK to ensure sufficient nutrients during the early growth phase. For every hectare of planting area, about 75 to 105 square meters are needed for the seedbed, and approximately 750 square meters for the transplant bed.
The sowing period is usually advanced by 30 to 45 days depending on the season. In autumn greenhouses, where temperatures are high, the seedlings should not be older than 30 days. During winter, seedlings can be up to 45 days old. Sowing methods include broadcasting or drilling. About 300 to 450 grams of seeds per hectare are used. After soaking the seeds, a layer of fine soil is spread over the nursery pots before evenly distributing the seeds. A 0.8 to 1 cm thick layer of sifted soil is then placed on top. When drilling, maintain a spacing of 6 to 7 cm between rows, with a furrow depth of 0.8 to 1 cm. Seeds are placed at intervals of 0.5 to 1 cm, and watering is done before sowing, followed by covering with soil. Autumn seedlings do not require transplanting.
Nursery pot management is crucial. After cultivating cauliflower in winter and spring, the greenhouse temperature should be kept between 20-25°C during the day, and the ground temperature should not drop below 15°C to avoid slow growth. Under suitable conditions, seedlings typically emerge within 2-3 days. Once they sprout, maintaining a temperature of 18-20°C helps develop strong seedlings. To prevent cold damage, watering is generally avoided unless necessary. When the seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, they should be transplanted promptly.
In autumn, when temperatures remain high, the seedbeds should be shaded using nets or plastic covers to protect from rain and excessive heat. Proper ventilation around the cover is important. Watering the seedbed with groundwater can help cool it down, but care must be taken to avoid waterlogging. Autumn seedlings have a shorter growing period and typically don't need additional transplanting.
Before transplanting, the seedlings should be watered a day in advance to reduce root damage. Transplanting is done into 12-15 cm square pots. After transplanting, the seedlings should be watered immediately, and 75 kg of urea per hectare is applied as a top dressing to promote growth and recovery. Seedlings are ready for planting when they have 5-7 true leaves.
Seedling management after transplanting involves careful temperature control. During the day, the air temperature should be maintained at 24-25°C, while nighttime temperatures should stay between 12-13°C. In winter, after the seedlings are separated, a small greenhouse cover is used to raise the temperature. After 3-4 days, the cover is removed, and the temperature is gradually reduced to 15-20°C during the day and no lower than 10°C at night. One week before planting, the temperature is lowered to 3-4°C to harden off the seedlings.
Watering is done regularly, about every 3-4 days, to encourage slow and steady growth. A thin film may be used to retain moisture and warmth, but it should be removed after thinning the seedlings for 2-3 days. Fertilization is minimal, and foliar sprays may be applied if needed. Overall, proper care during this critical phase ensures healthy and vigorous cauliflower plants for the next growing stage.
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Green broccoli cultivation in greenhouse