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Mixed fish and crab ditch has high benefits
According to the natural habitat and growth characteristics of crabs, integrating fish and crab polyculture in ditches is an effective strategy to enhance the economic returns of crab farming. This method not only makes efficient use of aquatic resources but also promotes a balanced ecosystem within the water system.
1. **River Ditch Conditions**
To ensure optimal conditions for crab cultivation, it is essential to select clean, unpolluted river channels with a consistent annual water depth of approximately 1 to 2 meters. The ideal soil type is clay or sandy loam, which allows for good aeration and supports the growth of aquatic vegetation and benthic organisms. The silt layer in the ditch should not exceed 0.2 meters to maintain water quality and prevent excessive sedimentation.
2. **Seed Stocking**
In most cases, juvenile crabs are purchased between April and May each year from artificial breeding farms. These young crabs typically weigh around 1 kg per 2000 individuals, and the stocking density is usually set at 150 to 300 crabs per mu (approximately 667 square meters) of water surface. Proper selection of healthy seedlings is crucial for successful cultivation.
3. **Feeding and Water Management**
Under normal conditions, the river ditch provides sufficient natural food sources such as aquatic plants and benthic animals, which meet the nutritional needs of the crabs without requiring additional artificial feeding. Due to the large surface area and low stocking density, dissolved oxygen levels in the water are generally adequate for crab growth. The pH level of the water should be maintained between 7 and 9. If the pH drops below this range, quicklime can be applied to neutralize the water and prevent shell damage in crabs. Regular inspections of the water’s edge are necessary to ensure that barriers are secure and free of gaps, preventing crabs from escaping. It is also recommended to install double-layered nets with additional barriers to further reduce the risk of escape. The top mesh should remain intact to prevent crabs from climbing out or escaping through damaged areas.
4. **Harvesting Crabs**
The main harvesting period for crabs occurs after mid-September each year. During this time, crabs reach sexual maturity and begin their migration. Since the river ditch is not fully enclosed by the river, it is important to increase fishing efforts by setting up more fixed nets, such as cage nets and shrimp traps, to capture crabs before they escape. Timely harvesting not only improves market value but also helps manage population density and maintain ecological balance.
By carefully managing these aspects, farmers can significantly improve the productivity and profitability of their crab farming operations while maintaining a sustainable aquatic environment.