1. Early hatching (days 1 to 6) can be affected by several factors. Poor nutritional and health conditions in breeder flocks, particularly deficiencies in vitamins A and B, may lead to weak or early hatchlings. Prolonged storage of eggs at improper temperatures—either too high or too low—can also impact viability. Over-sterilization during egg fumigation might damage the embryos, while incorrect pre-incubation temperatures and severe vibrations during transportation can further reduce hatchability. 2. Mid-term mortality (days 7 to 12) is often linked to nutritional issues in breeders, such as lack of vitamin D and B2. Inadequate pre-heating of eggs before incubation, contamination due to insufficient sterilization or disinfection, and improper incubation temperatures (too hot or too cold) can all contribute to embryo death. Eggs that are not turned regularly or are turned incorrectly, along with poor ventilation, can also result in mid-term losses. 3. Late-stage mortality (days 13 to 18) is commonly caused by poor nutrition in breeders, especially a deficiency in vitamin B12. A small air cell, excessive humidity, or signs of congestion in the embryo may indicate overheating. If the embryo is underdeveloped, it could be due to low temperatures. A small head or improper positioning during hatching, such as the head being up, can also lead to failure to hatch properly. 4. Embryos that die inside the shell often do so due to high temperature and humidity levels, combined with poor ventilation. Low post-hatching temperatures, genetic abnormalities, or malformations in the embryonic cartilage can also cause suffocation. Incorrect fetal positioning or genetic factors may prevent the chick from breaking out of the shell successfully. 5. Post-hatching mortality can occur if breeder feed lacks oyster shell, leading to calcium deficiency. Diseases in the breeder flock, mucus at the egg opening (often due to high temperature and humidity), and poor ventilation during the last two days of incubation (days 20–21) can also affect survival. High carbon dioxide levels, lethal genes, or improper hatching positions like the head being up can contribute to this. Additionally, failure to turn eggs during the first 14 days or excessively high temperatures with low humidity during days 20–21 can prevent proper absorption of nutrients, resulting in poor yolk and urine sac development. Combivent Nebulizer,Blood Pressure Device,Mobi Thermometer,Blood Pressure Machine Bluetooth Shenzhen Urion Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.urionhealth.com
Causes of embryonic death in various stages of incubation
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