East Asians who drink blush are prone to esophageal cancer

East Asians who drink blush are prone to esophageal cancer

Release date: 2009-03-30






A groundbreaking study published in the journal *PLOS Medicine* has revealed a significant link between alcohol consumption and an increased risk of esophageal cancer among East Asians who experience facial flushing after drinking. The research, conducted by scientists from the United States and Japan, highlights a genetic factor that plays a crucial role in this heightened risk.

The study, led by researchers from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) and the Japan Jiulibin Alcohol Research Center, found that approximately one-third of East Asians lack or have a malfunctioning version of the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). This enzyme is essential for breaking down acetaldehyde, a toxic byproduct of alcohol metabolism. When ALDH2 is deficient, acetaldehyde accumulates in the body, leading to symptoms such as facial redness, nausea, and rapid heartbeat—commonly known as the "alcohol flush reaction."

According to the researchers, individuals with this genetic deficiency face a significantly higher risk of developing esophageal cancer as their alcohol consumption increases. The study showed that those who experience facial flushing after even small amounts of alcohol are at a much greater risk compared to those who do not show this reaction. In fact, the survival rate for these individuals, even after aggressive treatment, is alarmingly low—only 12% to 31% survive more than five years after diagnosis.

This finding underscores the importance of understanding individual genetic differences when it comes to alcohol metabolism. It also emphasizes the need for public health awareness, especially in regions where alcohol consumption is common and the prevalence of ALDH2 deficiency is high. Researchers suggest that people with this genetic trait should consider limiting or avoiding alcohol altogether to reduce their cancer risk.

As more studies emerge, the connection between genetics, alcohol use, and cancer risk continues to shape medical recommendations and public health strategies worldwide. For now, the message is clear: knowing your body's response to alcohol can be a vital step in protecting your long-term health.

China Medicine 123 Network

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