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Winter cut plums must be carefully
Li Shu entered a high-yield phase after seven years of cultivation. During this critical winter pruning period, the primary goal is to maximize yield per unit area while strictly preventing baldness in the tree’s structure and ensuring even distribution of fruit-bearing branches across the canopy.
The main principle of winter pruning is to balance vegetative growth with fruit production. This involves carefully removing unnecessary branches while maintaining the tree's overall health and vigor. Pruning should not only reduce excess growth but also redirect energy toward fruit development.
In practice, the main and lateral branches at each level are cut back by about half, and bouquet-like fruiting branches and short fruiting spurs are selectively thinned to avoid weakening the tree. The main branch head is slightly lowered, and the spacing between branches is adjusted to ensure better light penetration and air circulation. When necessary, the main and lateral branches can be pruned back to maintain a balanced structure.
Fruit-bearing branches should be prioritized, with over 90% of the growth directed toward productive fruit clusters. Attention should be given to branches that are 2–3 years old, as these are ideal for early fruiting. Older, unproductive branches tend to become barren and hard to rejuvenate. Therefore, it's essential to focus on regenerating weak or aging branches through strategic pruning to overcome issues like age-related decline and bare spots.
A key technique used in this process is the "remove one, keep three" method—cutting back weaker branches while retaining strong, vigorous ones. Each main and lateral extension should be shortened by one-third, while the second and third lateral branches are cut back by half. It's important to remove long, crowded, overlapping, or crossing branches to promote better growth and fruiting.
Developing shoots and those with low flowering potential should be treated with a "first cut, then release" or "first cut, then shorten" approach to encourage the growth of medium-sized fruiting shoots. This helps maintain a healthy balance between growth and fruit production, ensuring consistent yields year after year.
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Winter cut plums must be carefully