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Export storage of vegetables
Ventilation warehouses are similar to large storage facilities, and they typically come in three types: ground-level, semi-basement, and fully underground. These structures are usually built with long-lasting materials such as wood and masonry, and they do not require annual demolition or relocation. Unlike traditional warehouse pits, ventilation warehouses are equipped with advanced thermal insulation systems and sensitive ventilation devices. They utilize the cold, fresh air from outside to expel the hot and polluted air inside, effectively lowering the internal temperature. As a result, their cooling performance is superior to that of cellars. However, Tongfeng Reservoirs, which rely heavily on natural temperature changes, are not suitable for use in summer. During spring and autumn, temperature adjustments must be made by using night-time air flow. In winter, an insulating cover is necessary to prevent frost damage, and sometimes additional heating is required.
Ventilation storage should be located in areas with good airflow and natural ventilation. It is recommended to orient the structure north-south in northern regions to minimize the impact of cold northern winds during winter and avoid freezing vegetables when temperatures drop too low. In southern areas, an east-west orientation is preferable to reduce the influence of afternoon sunlight and prevent excessive temperature fluctuations inside the warehouse.
The layout of a ventilated storage facility is usually rectangular, and it is advisable to construct a cold-proof chamber at both the entrance and exit. This creates a buffer zone between the interior and exterior, preventing sudden temperature changes from affecting the stored goods. Ventilation systems must include both intake and exhaust vents. Typically, the exhaust is placed at the top of the building or along the upper part of the side walls, while the intake is located near the lower sections of the side walls. Some facilities rely on natural convection of hot and cold air for ventilation, while others use electric fans to enhance air circulation.
The main management task of a ventilated storage is to control temperature and humidity. In early autumn, ventilation should be increased to quickly cool the space. As the temperature drops, the ventilation openings should be gradually reduced. During winter, the air intake should be closed, and only the exhaust should remain open. In late spring, night-time ventilation should be intensified to prevent the internal temperature from rising. The principle is to cool early, insulate in the middle, and manage temperature in the later stages.
Because of the ventilation and dehumidification process, the general humidity level in these storage facilities is usually moderate. If higher humidity is needed, water can be sprinkled on the floor, or moisture-retaining sacks can be placed near the air inlet to allow evaporated moisture to be carried into the warehouse by the airflow. On the other hand, if humidity becomes too high, increasing ventilation or using desiccants can help reduce it.
Over time, frequently used ventilation warehouses may become susceptible to pests and mold. Therefore, after each storage period, the warehouse should be thoroughly cleaned and treated with sulfur fumigation or sprayed with a 0.5% bleach solution to ensure hygiene and prevent infestations.
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Export storage of vegetables