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Tomato early blight
In the early seedling stage, a dark brown spot appears at the base of the stem, forming a slightly sunken ring-like pattern. As the plant progresses to the adult stage, the leaves initially show dark green lesions. These lesions gradually expand into round or irregular shapes, with a lighter green or yellow halo around the edges. The center of the lesion often displays a concentric ring pattern, and the affected areas become moist. A black mold layer may develop on the surface of the lesions. The disease typically starts from the lower parts of the plant and spreads upward. In severe cases, the middle portion of the leaf may fall off. Stem infections usually occur at the base of branches or petioles, appearing as brown to dark brown, irregularly shaped spots that are round or oval. These lesions may be sunken, and in some cases, cracks may form, leading to severe tissue breakdown.
For effective disease management, it's important to apply sufficient organic fertilizer and ensure timely irrigation and nutrient supply. To control the spread, foliar sprays can be applied using a 70% wettable powder formulation at a dilution rate of 500 to 600 times. Regular monitoring of the plants is also essential to detect early symptoms and take prompt action. Maintaining good air circulation and avoiding overwatering can further reduce the risk of infection. By combining proper cultural practices with chemical control, the impact of the disease can be significantly minimized, ensuring healthier plant growth and higher yields.