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Disinfection of mushrooms in greenhouses
Mushroom shed disinfection plays a critical role in maintaining a clean and healthy growing environment. It's essential to reinforce the concept of a "sanitary environment" through strict disinfection and sterilization practices. Unfortunately, the mushroom production environment has been deteriorating over time. Issues such as bacterial bag contamination, diseased mushroom bodies, and leftover cultivation waste have turned many sheds into new sources of disease, leading to frequent outbreaks and cross-infection. This problem has persisted since the 1990s and remains difficult to control effectively.
For base-type mushroom farming, improving the overall environment is key. Even when large-scale remediation isn't possible, we can enhance hygiene by thoroughly cleaning the area around the shed, including workspaces, toilets, and garbage disposal areas. Special attention should be given to removing contaminated bags and waste materials. Spraying high-concentration mixtures of carbendazim and phoxim can help eliminate pests. In severe cases, repeated treatments may be necessary for optimal results.
When it comes to new mushroom sheds, using products like "All Diseases Gone Without a Trace" or phoxim is effective. A typical application involves mixing one bag with 50 grams of phoxim and spraying approximately 30 square meters. The treatment should be applied to the floor, walls, and pillars, ensuring full coverage. After spraying, the shed should be sealed, and the sunshade tent rolled up. The shed should remain sealed for two days before introducing the mushroom bags or mycelium.
During the germination and fruiting stages, it’s recommended to spray the shed every five days to prevent diseases. However, avoid direct spraying on the fruit bodies to prevent damage. This method helps maintain a clean environment and reduces the risk of infection.
For older mushroom sheds that have been used continuously, thorough disinfection is crucial. These sheds often harbor a significant amount of bacteria, pathogenic spores, and pests. A standard approach involves using 40 grams of phoxim per bag of "All Diseases Gone Without a Trace," applying it to about 20 square meters using a carpet-style spray. After sealing the shed for two days, reapplication may be needed after 2–7 days, depending on the level of contamination.
This year’s climate has been unusually humid and rainy, especially during early autumn when temperatures are higher—conditions that favor the growth of pathogens. According to recent tests conducted by the author, from late June to early July, the number of germs increased by 13.6% and 22% compared to the same period last year, with an average increase of 18%. This data highlights the importance of timely and thorough disinfection.
For farmers cultivating mushrooms between August and October, it’s advisable to prepare the shed properly before processing. Before placing the mushroom bags inside, sprinkle fresh lime powder at a rate of 0.25 kg per square meter. This not only helps reduce the temperature inside the shed but also minimizes the activity of certain harmful bacteria, thereby lowering the incidence of disease.
Source: Farmers Daily
Author: Cao Debin
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