Pheasant brooding is a critical phase in pheasant farming, and proper management significantly impacts the survival rate of young pheasants. With good care, especially during the first 20 days of life, commercial pheasant survival rates can exceed 95%. Poor management, however, can lead to significant losses. Based on over a decade of experience, we have found that effective measures in insulation, feeding, and disease prevention can dramatically improve chick survival. 1. **Insulation**: A suitable insulated shed should be built according to the number of pheasants being raised. The recommended space is about 80 birds per square meter. If the number is large, it's best to divide them into small groups, separated by 30 cm high cardboard partitions. The insulation structure can be made by placing bamboo rods 80–100 cm above the ground, covered with nylon film, cotton wool, or other insulating materials. For smaller numbers (200–500 birds), a room can be divided into 2–5 sections using cardboard or similar materials. The floor should be covered with 5 cm of dry wood chips or rice husks, topped with a layer of old sacks to prevent chicks from eating the wood chips, which can be removed after four days. Infrared bulbs (250W) should be suspended 20–30 cm above the floor, and their number should be adjusted to maintain a consistent temperature. Electric heating pipes or wires can also be used. The temperature should be gradually reduced: 37°C for the first 3 days, 35–36°C in the second week, 33–34°C in the third, and 30–31°C in the fourth. Temperature fluctuations should be minimized, and adjustments should be made based on chick behavior. If they are spread out and active, the temperature is ideal. If they huddle under the heat source or appear restless, the temperature may be too low. If they move away and pant, it’s likely too hot. Shading or using red/blue bulbs can reduce light intensity after five days. This helps prevent stress and ensures better growth. **Feeding**: Chicks should be fed with high-quality complete feed, such as 510 or 310 formula. During the first four days, large particles should be sifted out. From day 1 to 3, the feed should be spread evenly on sacks, then gradually transitioned to troughs. Feed should always be available. At one month old, switch to 511 feed. If raising for meat, start limiting feed at three months. **Disease Prevention**: To prevent diseases like coccidiosis and white diarrhea, use potassium permanganate in drinking water. From day 1–3, each chick can receive 2000 units of penicillin and streptomycin. From day 4–6, add terramycin or norfloxacin to the feed. Alternate these treatments until day 15. Every 10–15 days before 3 months of age, administer anti-coccidial medication. Administer Newcastle disease vaccine via drinking water or nasal drops around day 10. Inject Newcastle disease I vaccine one month before and after egg-laying. **Indoor Breeding Techniques**: Traditional pheasant breeding often requires spacious enclosures with outdoor areas. However, through years of practice, we've developed an indoor, lightless culture method that simplifies facilities and reduces costs. Using existing farm buildings, cover windows with cardboard or cloth to block all light. Lay 5 cm of dry wood chips or straw on the floor. Insulate with old blankets or cotton. Maintain a temperature of 37°C for the first 80 birds per square meter, using a 15–40W bulb. After 30 days, keep the lights on constantly to create a dark environment. This reduces activity, prevents flying, and increases growth efficiency. Pheasants can be raised at 8 per square meter, and can be marketed at 50 days, reaching market weight by 105 days with beautiful plumage. This technique can also be used for breeding. When the birds reach five months, remove window shades and allow light to enter. Trim wing feathers to prevent flight. Keep males at a ratio of 1:4, with a density of 2–3 per square meter. Egg production can begin after about one month. Shanghai Emerging Rare Poultry Farms

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