One effective method is to apply top-dressing fertilizer throughout the growing season. For young walnut trees, it's recommended to fertilize 3-4 times a year—typically in late March, mid-May, and early July. Each application should consist of about 0.5 kg of compound fertilizer, applied in a ring-shaped trench around the base of the tree, just outside the trunk. In November and December, a basal fertilizer should be added by digging a shallow ditch and mixing in 10 kg of well-decomposed farmyard manure. This helps provide long-term nutrients for the tree during the dormant season.
The second important practice is timely pest and disease management. Young walnut trees are more vulnerable to infestations and infections, which can spread quickly if left unchecked. It's crucial to monitor the trees regularly and treat any issues as soon as they appear. Different pests and diseases may require specific treatments, so identifying the problem accurately is key before applying any sprays or remedies.
The third step involves regular weeding and soil loosening. Weeds can compete with young walnut trees for water and nutrients, so it's important to remove them at least twice a year. However, it's advisable to avoid using glyphosate-based herbicides, as they can negatively affect the health and growth of the walnut trees. Instead, manual weeding or organic alternatives are better options to keep the garden clean and healthy.
The fourth and final tip is proper pruning. Pruning should be done according to the tree's natural growth pattern. After the leaves emerge in spring, it's best to prune thin, crowded, or diseased branches before the tree becomes deciduous, usually between mid-September and mid-October. For fruiting branches, they should be pruned back to main scaffold branches to help shape the canopy properly. This not only improves air circulation and light penetration but also encourages earlier fruiting and higher yields over time.
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