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Radish cultivation techniques
In the cultivation of summer radishes, selecting high-quality seeds is the first and most crucial step. It's essential to choose varieties that are heat-resistant, disease-resistant, and have a rapid root development. Varieties such as Xia Changbai No. 2 and Xia Mei Lian Zaosheng No. 3 are highly recommended for their excellent performance under summer conditions.
Next, proper site preparation is vital for successful growth. The planting area should be in deep, well-drained sandy loam soil rich in organic matter. After harvesting the previous crop, all weeds and stubble should be removed promptly. Then, apply 3,000 to 4,000 kg of fully composted organic fertilizer per acre, along with 50 kg of specialized vegetable compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer. Following this, perform deep plowing, level the soil thoroughly, and create ridges with a spacing of 60 to 80 cm, a height of 15 to 20 cm, and a top width of about 20 cm.
Sowing should be done at the right time, typically from late June to early August, avoiding too early sowing to prevent rain damage and disease risk. For large radish varieties, direct drilling is preferred, with 0.5 kg of seed per acre. Plant two to three seeds per hole, spaced 20 cm apart within the rows. Cover the seeds with fine soil after sowing. Medium-sized varieties can be sown in furrows, with a depth of 2 to 3 cm and a seed rate of 0.75 to 1.0 kg per acre. Smaller varieties are best sown directly, using 1.5 to 2.0 kg of seed per acre. Before sowing, it's advisable to use medicinal soil or chemical seed treatment to protect against pests. After sowing, water lightly, ensuring the water does not exceed the ridge height and allows the soil to absorb moisture properly.
Field management plays a key role in the success of summer radish farming. First, thinning the seedlings is necessary. When the cotyledons open, the first thinning should take place. A second thinning occurs when there are 3 to 4 true leaves, and finally, when the plants have 5 to 6 leaves, only one strong seedling should remain per hole.
Weeding and intertillage should be done regularly. After thinning, cultivate the soil to keep it loose and prevent seedlings from falling over. Proper irrigation is also essential, especially in hot summer months. Water according to soil moisture levels and the specific needs of the plant. During the seedling stage, water sparingly and lightly. In the leaf growth phase, maintain moderate watering. During root enlargement, ensure consistent and adequate moisture, keeping the soil between 70% to 80% humidity. Avoid watering during midday heat; evening is the best time.
Fertilization should be applied strategically. After the seedlings are established, apply 8 to 12 kg of urea per acre combined with irrigation to promote leaf growth. During the early root expansion phase, add 15 to 20 kg of urea or ammonium sulfate and 10 to 15 kg of potassium sulfate per acre. Spraying foliar fertilizer 2 to 3 times during this period will further enhance root development. With careful attention to these practices, you can achieve a healthy and productive summer radish harvest.
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