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Niu Yin "four water" benefits health>
In order to prevent cattle from experiencing dehydration caused by cold stress, it is essential to provide them with "four types of water" — physiological thermoregulation water, nutrient-rich nourishing water, blood-activating bone-strengthening water, and beneficial mother-fetus water. These specialized waters support the overall health, growth, and well-being of cattle, including cows and beef cattle. Proper hydration not only aids in digestion but also helps maintain body temperature and energy balance.
Physiological thermoregulation water plays a key role in regulating body temperature. It can be categorized into cooling and warming types. When cattle consume large amounts of dry feed without sufficient water, they may experience an imbalance between water and nutrients, leading to digestive issues such as gastrointestinal irritation. This can cause inflammation in the lungs and spleen, impairing the body's ability to absorb and utilize nutrients effectively. Symptoms include restlessness, slow rumination, reduced appetite, and urinary discomfort. In severe cases, cattle may show signs like thinning skin, dull eyes, persistent coughs, nasal congestion, hair loss, and even aggression.
To manage this, proper methods of water administration are crucial. First, **cold drinking** involves offering clean, cool water to relieve internal heat and support digestion. Second, **guided drinking** involves mixing small quantities of rice shochu or urea with cold water to encourage cattle to drink more. This helps speed up fermentation in the stomach, reduce overheating, and regulate body temperature. Third, **mixed drinks** involve soaking dried straw in water to increase moisture content, which can fulfill part of the cow’s daily water needs while promoting better digestion and absorption.
In addition to cooling methods, **hot drinks** should also be used. Heating water to around 40°C helps warm the stomach and improve digestion. **Vertical drinking**, where salt or soy sauce is added to hot water, encourages increased water intake. **Drinking with feed** involves mixing hot water with feed to enhance palatability, boost energy, and raise body temperature.
Nutrient-enriched water is another important aspect. This includes feeding cattle with protein-rich, mineral-rich, and fat-based supplements. Fat feeds like peanut cake, sesame cake, and cottonseed cake can be mixed with distillers' grains, hay, and salt in hot water to create a nutritious drink. Protein tonics made from bean cakes or dregs, when soaked and diluted, help improve digestion and energy levels. Trace elements like zinc, iron, calcium, and magnesium can be added to drinking water to support immune function and overall health.
Blood-activating and bone-strengthening water is particularly useful for treating ailments. For example, a **rheumatism cure soup** made from loquat leaves, maple, and other herbs can be fed daily to improve circulation and joint health. A **flu cure soup** containing ingredients like Nepeta and ginger helps alleviate respiratory issues. A **strong bone soup** made from bones and legumes supports skeletal development and strength.
Lastly, **mother-fetus water** is vital for pregnant cows. This type of water, often prepared by stewing, brewing, or grinding medicinal herbs, helps protect both the cow and the developing fetus. Ingredients like Angelica, Codonopsis, and Motherwort are commonly used to promote vitality and ensure a healthy pregnancy. These waters should be given two to three times during winter to maintain the health of both the cow and the calf.
By incorporating these four types of water into a regular feeding routine, cattle can enjoy improved digestion, balanced nutrition, and enhanced resistance to diseases, ultimately leading to better growth and productivity.
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