How to grow seedlings of melon

How to grow seedlings of melon

First, prepare a nutrient-rich soil mix using the top 3 years of garden soil from cucurbit crops. Combine 60% of this soil with 40% organic fertilizer—made up of 30% compost and 10% plant ash. Additionally, add 0.2% diammonium phosphate or 1 kg of superphosphate per cubic meter of soil. Before planting, mix in 800 times diluted thiophanate-methyl to protect against fungal diseases.

Second, create a nursery bed under controlled conditions, such as using electric heating cables. Lay the cables at 100 watts per square meter. Fill each seedling tray with 80% of the prepared soil, ensuring it is neatly and tightly packed for optimal root development.

Third, treat the seeds by drying them in sunlight for 2-3 days. Soak the seeds in a 500-600 times diluted carbendazim solution for several hours, then rinse thoroughly with water at 50-55°C for 3-4 hours to promote germination and disease resistance.

Fourth, after soaking, place the seeds on a damp cloth and keep them at 25-30°C to encourage germination. Once about 80% of the seeds have sprouted, they are ready to be sown.

Fifth, sow the germinated seeds into individual pots or trays. After watering the seedbed, place the seeds into each container and cover them with 1-1.5 cm of fine sifted soil. Then, cover the area with a plastic film to retain warmth and moisture. Once the seedlings emerge, remove the film gradually to prevent overheating and allow for proper air circulation.

Sixth, manage the seedbed carefully:

1. Temperature control: Maintain around 30°C during the day and no lower than 20°C at night until the seeds germinate. After emergence, reduce the temperature to 25°C during the day and 14-16°C at night. Once true leaves appear, maintain 22-25°C during the day and 13-15°C at night. Seven days before transplanting, harden off the seedlings by gradually reducing the temperature to acclimate them to outdoor conditions.

2. Watering and care: Avoid flooding throughout the growing period. During dry spells, water the seedlings in small amounts early in the morning when the sun is out. Ensure sufficient light exposure and monitor regularly for pests and diseases to take timely action.

3. Strong seedlings should be 10-15 cm tall, with one leaf node, sturdy and free from disease. The stems should be short and thick, with dark green leaves and well-developed roots. The ideal age for transplanting is around 35 days (Tongnan City Agricultural Institute).

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