Autumn Management of Pond Breeding

As the temperature drops in autumn, the water temperature usually stays below 30°C. The physiological activity of wolfberry remains strong, making it an ideal growing season. At this time, the pupae should be placed near the surface of the water to take advantage of the available light and nutrients for optimal growth.

2. Focus on water quality management.

Regular fertilization and water changes are essential to maintain a healthy aquatic environment. The water should remain "fat, live, tender, and cool," with a transparency of around 30 cm, a pH level between 7 and 8, and dissolved oxygen levels between 3 and 5 mg/L. Proper water quality ensures that the organisms thrive and remain healthy throughout the season.

3. Ensure proper fattening.

As the water temperature decreases, the amount of plankton in the water also declines. Oysters, having used up a lot of energy during the warmer months, need to replenish their fat reserves to survive the winter. Poor water quality or improper feeding can weaken their health and even lead to death. Therefore, careful management is necessary during this period. In the early stages, chemical fertilizers can be used more frequently, while organic fertilizers should dominate later. This helps the oysters build up sufficient nutrition to avoid mortality when water temperatures rise again in spring.

Chicken, duck, and bird manure are preferred as organic fertilizer, but it must be fermented and mixed with 1% quicklime before use. The main fertilizers used are urea and superphosphate, typically in a ratio of 1:2 or 1:3. After mixing with water, they should be evenly distributed. A common application is about 1 kg of urea and 3 kg of superphosphate per unit area.

4. Implement drug disinfection and disease prevention.

During the bacterial enteritis outbreak season, which runs from April to October, the entire pond should be disinfected using 1 g/m³ of bleach or 15 kg/a of quicklime. If sick fish are present, inject 1-2 tons of tetracycline hydrochloride into the water. A mixture of 1-2 ml of chlortetracycline and calcium gluconate can also be used. Soak affected fish in a 3% saline solution for 5 minutes, and clean the culture racks with saltwater to prevent further contamination.

5. Remove attached organisms regularly.

After being raised for some time, the cultured pearl larvae often accumulate a lot of mud and other organisms such as algae, freshwater sponges, and polychaetes on the hanging nets, bags, and shells. These attachments can hinder the growth of the nymphs. It is important to clean them regularly. From April to October, cleaning should be done every two months to maintain a clean and healthy environment for the larvae.

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