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July radish cultivation techniques
Radishes are typically sown in late July or August and can be harvested anywhere from 40 to 180 days after planting. The recommended seeding rate is between 3,000 to 4,500 kilograms per acre, with a seed usage of 0.5 to 1 kilogram. The expected yield is over 5,000 kilograms per acre.
Radishes do not tolerate excessive moisture well, so it’s important to select a well-drained field. Choose fertile, deep, and loose soil for optimal growth, and avoid planting radishes in the same area repeatedly. It's also advisable to avoid areas previously used for Brassica crops like *Brassica napus* or *Brassica juncea*, especially if those areas have had issues with pests or diseases. Before planting, apply base fertilizers and insecticidal or bactericidal agents as early as possible. This includes 100 kilograms of lime, 300 kilograms of phoxim granules, 40 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 20 kilograms of potash, 20 kilograms of urea, and 300 kilograms of farmyard manure. All these should be evenly spread across the field and incorporated into the soil through rotary tilling to ensure even distribution.
In southern regions where rainfall is high, it’s best to plant radishes on raised beds. The bed size should be 1.3 meters wide (including the ditch) and at least 30 centimeters tall. Radishes are commonly sown by broadcasting seeds. For each bed, you can sow three rows, spacing nests 35 to 45 centimeters apart. Place 2 to 4 seeds in each nest, water them, and then cover with a thin layer of fine soil. After the seedlings emerge, thin them out to leave two plants per nest. During dry periods, a top dressing of 10 units of farmyard manure can be applied once, and an additional fertilizer application can be done during the growing season. Regular weeding and cultivation should be carried out 2 to 3 times during the growth period.
For pest and disease control, spray a combination of natural heart and thiophanate-methyl when the plant has developed its first few leaves. Repeat the treatment when the plant reaches the three-leaf stage. At the eight-leaf stage, use an amino acid nutrient solution along with chlorothalonil. After spraying, you may also consider applying paclobutrazol to regulate growth. Always add insecticides such as avermectin to each spraying session to prevent infestations. Proper management throughout the growing cycle ensures healthy, high-yielding radish crops.
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