Breeding cultivation of carp

Breeding cultivation of carp

1. The incubation loop (barrel) nursery is a specially designed water system that mimics natural ecological conditions and keeps the eggs in constant motion. Using these loops directly for raising fish fry provides an ideal living environment for salmon fry. More importantly, when the fry hatch and begin feeding, they are fed live bait fish—other fish fry that have been stripped of their membranes. This ensures the necessary nutrition for their growth while maintaining clean, fresh water. During the cultivation of carp fry, care must be taken to address the drawback of the loop's difficulty in draining, as sediment and organic matter can accumulate. After 5–7 days of rearing, it's best to choose a sunny day and rotate the loop around 10 o'clock in the morning. Since eel fry tend to eat greedily, it’s advisable to stop feeding the bait fish 12 hours before rotation to allow the fry to fast, which helps reduce losses during the process.

2. Net cage nurseries are considered ideal for raising fry. They ensure a steady supply of fresh water and readily available bait fish. However, one disadvantage is that newly stripped fish cannot be immediately fed, requiring frequent cleaning of containers and regular replacement of cages. This makes the management of fry more complex and operation more challenging. Typically, three stages are used in net cage rearing: Class I cages are made from 40–28 mesh polyethylene netting, sewn into boxes measuring 4–6 meters long, 1 meter wide, and 1 meter deep. Class II cages are constructed from 0.3 cm wide warp-knitted polyethylene mesh, with dimensions of 2 meters long, 1 meter wide, and 1 meter deep. Class III cages are slit from 0.5 cm warp-knitted mesh, also 2 meters long, 1 meter wide, and 1 meter deep. The ratio of these cages is generally 1:10:20, ensuring efficient use of space and resources.

3. Cement pools are commonly used for seedling rearing and typically measure 4 meters by 6 meters with a depth of 0.8 meters, though sizes may vary slightly. It's important that the bottom has a slight slope to facilitate drainage. A drainage pool should be located at the lowest point, along with proper drainage facilities. The drainage system consists of a rubber tube, filter mesh, and supporting iron wire. The rubber tube is fixed at the center of the frame and positioned so that it doesn't let water escape from the pool, maintaining a consistent water level. The flow rate is controlled by adjusting the number of drain pipes and the height of the outlet, allowing for precise water management.

4. When small carp fry grow to about 3 centimeters in length, they can be transferred to a small earthen pond for further development. The stocking density is usually around 150,000 per hectare. Before introducing the carp, the pond must be pre-cultured with bait fish. Bait fry are typically introduced 10–15 days prior to releasing the carp, with a recommended density of 15 to 22.5 million tails per hectare. Fresh water should be added daily in small amounts to maintain good water quality, although some degree of water deterioration is expected as part of the natural process.

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