Several common ways of preventing and treating peanut diseases and insect pests

Common diseases of peanuts mainly include stalk rot, root rot, leaf spot, and rust.
1, stem rot. The cotyledon is dark brown in color, dry and rot. After the petioles spread to the base of the stem, it becomes yellowish-brown, water-soaked lesions. It eventually turns black brown and rots. Later in the onset, it first develops water-soaked lesions on the stem base or main lateral branch. After the brown-brown dark brown, the aboveground part wilted and died.
Control methods: stalk rot is mainly composed of seed-borne bacteria, and the disease is heavy. Therefore, a reasonable crop rotation should be carried out. The seeds should be fully dried before storage. Before sowing, seeds should be sun-dried and seeded, and no mildew and poor-quality seeds should be used. Do a good job of seed disinfection, use 50% carbendazim to seed dressing 0.2% of the seed amount; when the disease pier rate reaches 5%, use 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times spray stalk unit.
2, root rot. The base of the stem is immersed in water, yellow-brown, and the plants are short. The leaves dry up from the bottom up, the main lateral roots turn brown and rot, and only the main roots of the brown shrinking are left in the later period.
Control methods: a reasonable rotation, strict seed selection, drying, seed dressing with 50% carbendazim by 0.2% of the seed amount, the disease rate reached 5% at the beginning of the disease with carbendazim 800 times the whole field spray.
3, leaf spot (mainly including brown spot, black spot) brown spots spot round, dark brown, larger, yellow spots outside the lesion halo, gray mold later; black spot disease The spots are round, dark brown, and there are no yellow halos around the lesions. Lesions are smaller than brown spots.
Control methods: rational rotation; selection of disease-resistant varieties. High-temperature and rainy July and August is the key period for controlling leaf spot disease. When the diseased leaf rate reaches 10% at the early stage, it can spray 50% carbendazim 800 times solution or 70% mancozeb manganese 800 times every 15 days. Spray once, spray a total of 2 or 3 times.
4, flower rust disease. The bottom leaves first began to occur. The leaves had yellow spots, small shapes, and a very narrow yellow halo around them. After the epidermis was cracked, rust-colored powders were scattered. In severe cases, the leaves were yellow and dry off.
Control methods: At the beginning of the disease, spray 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution or 20% triadimefon 500 times solution.

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