Hunan: The fishery and fertilizer market is very confusing, and good fishery fertilizers have a good prospect!

From manure to biological fish fertilizer The development of fishery fertilizer has gone through four stages: organic manure and livestock manure, inorganic fertilizers such as chemical fertilizers, organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, and fishery-specific bio-fish fertilizers.

Organic fertilizer refers to the excrement of humans and animals, which is characterized by rich nutrient elements, long-term fertilizer effect, cheap fertilizer, and easy accessibility. The main disadvantage is that it contains a large number of disease microorganisms and undecomposed harmful substances, which can easily lead to deterioration of fish disease and water quality and depletion of large amounts of oxygen.

Inorganic fertilizers are chemical fertilizers. Fertilizers are characterized by rapid fertilizer effects and a single nutrient composition. The disadvantage is that they have a short fertilizer effect and are likely to cause excessive deterioration of the water quality of ammonia in the pool water, especially in hot seasons.

Organic-inorganic compound fertilizers concentrate the advantages of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers, but they have low fertilizer utilization rate, and also have certain pollution, and there are few plankton which are easily digested and absorbed by fish.

Bio-organic fertilizer, which is a new-type bio-organic fertilizer made by using organic matter in domestic garbage and livestock manure as basic raw materials, adding beneficial bacteria fermentation and trace elements, scientifically integrating organic fertilizer and active microorganisms into one product. The nutrient elements are comprehensive, the fertilizer is quick, the fertilizer effect is long-lasting, the amount is small, the water quality is not polluted, and the plankton of the fish is easy to digest and absorb. In the fertilizer water, it also has the ability to transfer water and change water.

Hunan is rich in water resources, and aquaculture is well-developed. Fertilizing fish has a long history in Hunan. Fishermen have long used fertilization to cultivate fry and fingerlings. For example, submerged green fish, using pig manure, chicken dung, etc., can successfully develop fry into fingerlings and adult fish. The application of fertilizers to fish-breeding waters is mainly for the cultivation of plankton, which feeds the cultured fish to increase fish production. Therefore, fertilizer is an indirect feed for fish. Fertilization is one of the effective measures to increase fish production in ponds. With a large amount of human and animal manure and chemical fertilizer inputs, the eutrophication of water bodies is very serious, resulting in a large number of disease outbreaks and increased drug residue. In order to promote healthy farming while promoting economic efficiency, a new type of fishery fertilizer, biological fishery fertilizer, appears in everybody's field of vision. In order to better understand the current status of biological fishery fertilizers, existing problems and development countermeasures, the author visited various farming areas in Hunan Province.

Fertilizer breeding brings huge market The main aquaculture areas in Hunan Province are concentrated in the areas of Yiyang, Changde, and Yueyang in the Dongting Lake area, with intensive intensive pools as the main focus. Aquaculture in the mountains is dominated by reservoirs. As the main force of aquaculture, intensive culture pools have relatively high pond conditions and aquaculture levels, but their acceptance in the use of biological fishery fertilizers is not ideal. To this end, the author visited the three districts of Yiyang, Changde, and Yueyang in the Dongting Lake region. The degree of fishermen's recognition of biological fishery fertilizers was Changde, Yiyang and Yueyang. Changde is also the best in Yijiang and Yi County, followed by Yijiang. However, the use of fishery fertilizers is very large compared to the conditions where the farming conditions and levels are inferior.

Why does this happen? I think the main reasons are as follows:

First, the intensive breeding pool is mainly fed, and the water quality is already very fat. Therefore, most farmers believe that there is no need to apply fertilizer.

Second, farmers are mostly older generations. Farmers are not highly educated. Their acceptance of new products and new technologies is relatively poor. They are still stuck on the old idea of ​​using chemical fertilizers and fertilizers. Plus, biological fish fertilizers are higher in price than chemical fertilizers. Many farmers simply think that the cost is too high;

Third, Dashui surface culture is mainly based on white bream and squid, and the only method is fertilizer and fish farming. Coupled with large water surface contractors are self-employed or breeding companies with certain economic strength and cultural level. Acceptance is better than ordinary fishermen;

Fourth, the application of chemical fertilizer fertilizer effect is fast, the morning of fertilization in the afternoon can be reflected in the changes in the color of the water, and bio-organic fertilizer fertilizer release is slow, need to be reflected in the 2-3 days after application, resulting in many farmers believe that biological Fertilizer effect is not good;

V. The fishery fertilizer market is chaotic. The quality of products is uneven and there is a lack of effective supervision. Caused a large number of low-quality products to flood the market, many products can not achieve the effect of propaganda, formed a bad impression in the fishermen, resulting in a repulsive psychology.

The chaos in the fish and fertilizer market Although bio-organic fish fertilizer has many advantages, it is still in an early stage of development and there are some deficiencies.

First, the number of bio-fertilizer manufacturers entering the Hunan market is dominated by manufacturers in Hubei. Some veterinary drug companies and feed companies produce part of their fish fertilizers according to their own conditions. Each fertilizer production company also produces some fishery fertilizers as required. In addition, some processing companies and workshops also produce some fishery fertilizer products. There are a large number of manufacturers, but the scale is small, the output is limited, and there is a lack of leading companies and leading teams. At present, the quality of bio-fertilizers sold in the Hunan market is not optimistic. The quality of products is uneven, and the effects of products are uneven.

Second, lack of standards, no standards, supervision difficulties, market confusion. There is no national unified product standard for biological fish fertilizer. There is no clear technical specification for fish fertilizer production so far, so it is impossible to achieve standardized production in production practice. Bio-fertilizer belongs to non-pharmaceuticals and has no clear management department, management authority, or management regulations. This creates a management vacuum that affects the quality of products and the reliability of their use.

Third, the market is chaotic, difficult to distinguish between good and bad; blind use, continuous wrangling. In the face of a wide variety of fishery products, advertisements for products flying around, and positive recommendations from product salesmen, fishermen do not know what kind of fishery fertilizer to use. Fishermen often use the recommendation of dealers; they have serious debts and do not pay for unsatisfactory results, resulting in a series of disputes; together with unreasonable use, all bad reasons are attributed to the quality of the product itself. As a result, many companies have increased their bad debts and their operations have been difficult.

Fourth, there are misunderstandings in the user's perception of biological fishery fertilizers. One is that the cost of fishery fertilizers is too high. The second is that biological fish fertilizer has a good effect in high temperature seasons, and low temperature has no effect. The third is that biological fish fertilizer is only suitable for shallow reservoirs and deep reservoirs are not ideal.

V. The publicity and sales of biological fishery fertilizers are mainly based on enterprises, but the lack of development and publicity and guidance of enterprises on the market has affected the popularization and application of biological fishery fertilizers. At the same time, some companies have had some exaggeration and inaccurate publicity, which has caused some negative effects.

Good prospects for good fish fertilization The various production companies, product distributors and fishery technology promotion departments must adopt a variety of methods to guide fishermen to use bio-fertilizer to master the correct use of methods and techniques, so that these products can really play. kick in.

It is recommended that the management authority be assigned to the fishery administrative department or the fishery technology promotion department. Formulate standards and regulate production. After the implementation of GMP in veterinary drug production, veterinary drug production management has reached a new level. The implementation of the GSP system will make veterinary drug management more stringent. Relevant departments should address the current status of bio-fish fertilizers without standards and regulations, and do a good job of standardizing and standardizing bio-fish fertilizers as soon as possible. At the same time, they should respond to the production companies' formulation of a similar GMP system and raise the threshold for production.

Strengthen the supervision mechanism and make product promotion. In order to ensure the implementation of standards, norms and systems, the supervision mechanism is very important. Relevant departments must formulate corresponding measures to ensure the implementation of norms and systems. In addition, the promotion of aquaculture inputs with biological fishery as one of the provinces is a good measure. It can prevent counterfeit and shoddy products from entering the aquatic product market to a certain extent, and at the same time it has excellent product quality. Companies promote and advance.

Actively carry out publicity to raise awareness of fishermen. Relevant departments should strengthen the promotion and publicity of biological fishery fertilizers so that the majority of farmers will realize the importance and role of using biological fishery fertilizers. It is far from enough for individual companies to conduct propaganda and promotion. Therefore, all levels of agricultural technology promotion departments must strengthen the promotion and promotion of bio-organic fertilizers, and carry out multi-perspective and all-round publicity and promotion in terms of product characteristics, function functions, and application methods.

Actively support and cultivate leading enterprises. The government should select better bio-fertilizer production enterprises to support them and tilt them in terms of policies, technology, and funds. These enterprises should be cultivated to become leading companies and contribute to the local aquaculture industry. At the same time, companies should also come up with the appropriate funds, joint research institutes to carry out product research and development, form a one-stop production and research to better play a role.

The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China vigorously advocated the development of the production and application of bio-organic fertilizers in a conference that “promotes the ten key practical tasks for the promotion of ten practical technologies.” Improving the environment and ensuring the safety of food has become an important task for the development of society as a whole. With the extensive use of chemical fertilizers in water bodies, water quality has been severely deteriorated, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite levels have exceeded standards, and fish diseases have increased year by year. The aquaculture industry needs to find a fertilizer that can replace chemical fertilizers, improve water quality, high quality, high efficiency, and affordable fertilizer, which provides huge space and business opportunities for biological fishery fertilizers. In summary, biological fishery fertilizer is the main production material of the future aquaculture industry. It is a huge industry worth investing in. It is a sunrise industry with a high rate of return.