Spring Peanut Covered Film Cultivation Technique

Spring Peanut Covered Film Cultivation Technique

The spring peanuts cover film cultivation technology is one of the “Top Ten” agricultural advanced technologies that the Ministry of Agriculture has promoted. In 1998, the city introduced the test in our city, and it began to demonstrate and popularize in 1999. After years of practice, this technology has proved to be an important technical measure to increase the output and quality of peanuts.

First, the advantages of peanut-covered plastic film cultivation 1. Peanut-covered plastic film can increase the temperature of 3-4 degrees, to maintain the stability of soil moisture, so that the soil is loose, not compacted. 2. Peanut cover film is conducive to the activities of soil microorganisms, promote the effective transformation of soil nutrients, and prevent fertilizer leaching. 3. Peanut cover film can enhance the germination potential of seeds, increase the germination rate and shorten the emergence time. According to the experiment, the germination rate is generally increased by 5-10%, and the emergence time is 5-7 days earlier. 4. Peanut-covered mulch can promote the growth of vegetative bodies, with developed root system, early nodule formation, and robust growth at the early stage of growth. According to the determination, 30 days of sowing, growth increased by 1 times. 5. Peanut-covered mulch can promote early flowering of peanuts, increase flowering volume, increase flowering efficiency, increase seed-setting rate, increase the number of fruit per plant and the number of full fruit. According to experiments, the number of coated peanuts is generally two more than the number of uncoated single crops, the number of full fruits is 1.04, and the yield per mu is 41.37 kg.

Second, peanuts cover film cultivation techniques 1, the soil selection and soil preparation: the soil should be selected more than moderate fertility, the soil layer of deep loam or light sandy loam is appropriate, and the irrigation and drainage conditions are better oysters or crop rotation for the land. Deep plowing should be carried out to remove residual roots and stones to achieve a fine soil and a flat surface. 2. Fertilization: The peanuts covered with film cultivation should be applied before sowing, and the organic fertilizer can be applied in full layers. Fertilizer can be combined with organic fertilizer to spread the fish before the application of the fertilizer, and can also be applied to the whole planting surface. Combined with the finishing operation, the fertilizer and the surface soil of the loquat are mixed evenly. The application rate is based on the soil fertility conditions, generally 250-380 kilograms per mu peanut fruit, need pure nitrogen 11.3--18.5 kg, pure phosphorus 2.0-3.7 kg, pure potassium 4.4-11.9 kg, pure calcium 36.2-8.54 kg, application cover film technology The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium used is 6:1:4. Generally, 1500-2500 kg of soil-fertilizer is applied in Mu, 1500-2000 kg of human waste, 30-50 kg of Sanyuan compound fertilizer, or 20-25 of compound fertilizer. Kg, lime 50 kg. 3. Seed selection and treatment: Seeds should be large and full, no pests and diseases, and germination rate should be above 95%. It is best to use pesticides to protect the seeds, and pre-seeding and soaking treatment before planting. 50% carbendazim per acre before sowing. Powder 50-100 g seed dressing. 4, sowing date, sowing method and density: sowing general requirements in late February to early March, seize the "cold tail warmer" to clear the crop. The planting method adopts a small double-row compact planting method, with a groove width of 80 cm, a height of 30-35 cm, a width of 45 cm in width, and a trapezoid; two seeds are sown at a distance of 12-14 cm, sowing depth For 3-5 cm, it is best to use a hole to hit a hole. After sowing and covering the soil, it is required to keep the surface smooth. The soil particles are finely crushed, and the groove is straight and smooth so as to facilitate the cover film and drainage. Planting density is 1.8-22,000 plants per acre. 5. Use of herbicides: herbicides include acetochlor or butachlor, acetochlor dosage 200 grams per acre, or butachlor 400 grams per acre, watered 60-80 kg, evenly sprayed after sowing On both sides and on both sides, cover the film immediately after spraying. 6. Cover film: After sowing, first use the hoe to pull the mud on both sides of the sloping surface from the bottom 2/3 of the trench to the sulcus, and the depth is consistent with the bottom of the sulcus. Then the three groups of artificial cover film, that is, one person lays in front of the film, the other two people standing in the ditch on both sides of the crotch, while gently stepping on the film with his feet, the film will be pressed down vertically, pull flat, so that Membrane is tightly pressed on the surface; on one side, the soil in the groove is pressed with pressure on both sides of the membrane with a hoe, and it is compacted and compacted to restore the shape of the original enamel. Every 0.5-1 m with a small mound on the surface to prevent wind and film. Laminating film and laminating film should cooperate with each other, edge film, side pressure film, edge movement. Care should be taken when handling to avoid breaking the membrane. When laying the film, you should avoid the windy hour and lay the film downwind. 7. Membrane breakage: When the peanut cotyledon is unearthed, a razor blade is formed on the mulch just above the cotyledon using a blade or a sharp knife (or nail). The length is about 4 cm. The membrane breaks in two times. The first time the membrane breaks out is when 70-80% of the cotyledons are unearthed, and when the cotyledons are completely unearthed the second time, do not lift the membrane and remove the membrane. 8, strengthen the field management, timely harvest: First, after the sowing film quality inspection, check whether the wind lift film; second is to check seedlings as soon as possible; third is the timely inspection of seedlings in the membrane; four is soil pressure grass; five is Pay attention to the prevention and control of cockroaches, aphids, scab, leaf spot, rust and other pests and diseases; 6 is a reasonable top-dressing, extra-root dressing in the middle and late fertility, with 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 2% superphosphate liquid and 1% Urea mixture; Seven is to pay attention to row irrigation, the general requirements of dry seedlings, wet needles, Run Yu; eight peanut harvest should be appropriate maturity, from about mid-July to late.

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