Causes and Preventive Methods of Root Formation of Sweet Potato Deformity

During the cultivation of sweet potato, we encountered the phenomenon that sweet potatoes formed some deformed tuberous roots. Some of them look "not smooth", and some have big heads and small tails. They form burdock roots, and some have cracks. Some of them have hard roots, and they have long "red bloods" and so on. The occurrence of these phenomena has seriously affected the commercial value of sweet potatoes.

How is the deformed potato block formed? To understand this, it may be necessary to start with the formation of sweet potato roots. The young roots that grow from yams or seedlings are called fibrous roots. The potato lumps that are formed under the skin of these fibrous roots accelerate the division, growth, and expansion. However, the conditions for the growth and development of different fiber roots are different, and the roots formed are also different. Some bulges form tuberous roots, while others do not grow thick and thick, and are still some fibrous roots. Between them, burdock roots (wood roots) form. Whether or not the fiber root can form roots is affected by many factors. Under the conditions of sufficient sunshine, good air permeability, and suitable fertilizer and water conditions, the activity of the forming layer of fiber roots can be strengthened, and the lignification action can be inhibited, which is beneficial to the addition of roots. Rough formation of roots; on the contrary, soil moisture, poor ventilation or too much nitrogen fertilizer, is conducive to the formation of fiber root; in the formation of potato chips, if you encounter dry soil, poor ventilation, and other unfavorable conditions will make the root The swelling is hindered and burdock roots are formed. Therefore, in order to avoid such malformation growth, it is necessary to adopt scientific and rational methods in soil selection, fertilization, and irrigation.

First, although sweet potato is not strict with the soil, it is better to choose sandy loam and loam with loose topsoil, good drainage, rich organic matter, and deep soil. Too much sandy soil should be supplemented with organic fertilizers and clay to improve the soil. The clay soil with heavy soil has strong water retention but is not conducive to the formation and expansion of roots.

Second, according to the needs of sweet potato fertilizer characteristics of a reasonable fertilization. Potassium fertilizer needs the largest amount of life in sweet potato, followed by nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer. The demand of nitrogen fertilizer is mainly concentrated in the pre-ridge, in the potato stage should not be excessive nitrogen fertilizer, if the available nitrogen content in the soil is too high, the juvenile root column aging cells form fiber roots, it is difficult to expand into roots. Therefore, we must pay attention to early diarrhea, heavy potassium later.

Third, we must strengthen water management. Some teratogenic potatoes are caused by improper soil moisture, and some sweet potato roots are cracked during the process of swelling, which is often caused by watering or raining after drought. Therefore, maintaining appropriate moisture during production, maintaining 70-80% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field during the branching and potato stage, and maintaining the 60-70% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field in order to avoid the occurrence of fissured potatoes and “red blood”. , get more "shun" potato block.

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