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North American holly cutting production techniques
North American holly (Ilex verticillata), also known as whorled holly and American holly, is a perennial shrub of the genus Holly, which is native to the northeastern United States and has a low temperature of about -30°C. Unlike most of the evergreen trees in the holly of North America, holly is characterized by deciduous trees in winter. After defoliation, the lush, bright red fruits are full of branches and are very dazzling and festive. In Europe, America and North America, holly is widely cultivated and used as a branch of fruit and landscaping. North American holly cut red and bright fruit, the best viewing period before and after the New Year's Day, the Spring Festival, the water cut period of up to two months, a single price of tens of dollars. Cutting branches can be put into production after the third year, each tree can be cut five or six branches, and increase year by year, clipping period of more than 30 years. The seedling rate of North American holly cuttings is 20% to 40%, but it is easy to grow after seedling establishment, and the conditions such as soil and climate are not strict, and management is extensive. 1. Site Selection and Arrangement North American holly twig production should choose loose fertility, acid to neutral soil, a certain irrigation conditions, relatively flat land. Before planting deep plowing more than 30 cm, apply enough basal fertilizer. The ditch is open, 2 meters wide and 0.4 meters wide. 2. Colonization and first-year management The seedlings purchased will be transplanted in fields before germination in October or March and April of the following year. Two meters of three kinds of pods, spacing 0.8 meters 0.8 meters, acres planted 950 or so (including 50 male plants evenly planted), drenched rooting water. Before the spring shoot sprouts, 3 to 5 plants around the male plants are not pruned, and they are allowed to bloom for the same year and left for observation. Leave 10 cm of the rest of the base and recut it so that there are more branches. In the following year, it was possible to top up fertilizer two or three times according to growing trend after sprouting. When the high temperature in summer, timely irrigation water to prevent dehydration leaves. In spring and summer rainy season weeding. 3. Branches growing in the first year of vegetative shoots (the second year) The branches that grow in the first year can be flowered in the next year. However, if they are cut into branches for commercial use, their height is not enough, and it usually takes another year. Apply basal fertiliser before the first winter defoliation, 50 grams to 100 grams of each cake, or other organic fertilizer. After defoliation and before germination, leave the plant base 10 cm to 15 cm thick. After the spring, 5 to 8 sticks will be planted per plant, timely top dressing will promote uniform growth of shoots, and the shoot height will be more than 70 cm, becoming the result of the third year. The first year of North American holly is the vegetative branch, and the second year is the result of the branch, that is to say, cut the branch once every two years. In the winter of the second year, the planted female plants should be cut in half in the shape of plum blossoms, leaving half of them. The purpose of reshuffling is to cultivate the vegetative branches of the following year, and the branches that do not cut are the result branches of the following year, so that half of the plants are used as the result branches each year. Shearing preparations for cultivating vegetative shoots were mainly based on nitrogen fertilizers such as cake-fed fertilizers. Plants that were not prepared for cutting were mainly treated with phosphorus and potash fertilizers. 4. Results Branch Management (3rd year) Result Before the shoots are budded, pruning their short, curved and overtight shoots that do not meet the requirements of the cutting branch and applying a pre-emergence fertilizer. After germination, spraying with paclobutrazol 600 times can be used once. It blooms in June and results. Similar to hot summer areas such as Hangzhou, shades may be appropriate to prevent sunburn on leaves and fruit. After 10 months, the fruit began to change color. December leaves, you can cut branches listed. 5. The introduction of pest control shows that North American holly has less disease. Insect pests mainly include red spiders and moths that damage the leaves and can be controlled by insecticides. Mature berries will have birds foraging and should take preventive measures in advance.
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