1 Breeding conditions and technical measures 1.1 Pond Condition Test The pond is located in Wenwu Sand Farm, Changle City, Fujian Province. It has an area of ​​12.00 mu in No. 24 pool, 13.47 mu in No. 25 pond, and water depth of 1.8 to 2.5 meters. The bottom of the pond is flat and the amount of silt is small. The water comes from the Wenwu Sand River, with convenient water intake and drainage, good water quality, and no pollution. The pH is 7.87~8.26 and the salinity is 5~6. Each pond is equipped with 2 to 3 aerators. 1.2 Preparation before laying seedlings 2 Selection and stocking of shrimp and fry 2.1 High-quality shrimp seedlings The selection of healthy, disease-free bacteria and regular-sized shrimps is an important guarantee for improving the survival rate and high yield. According to the survey, viral shrimps are the leading cause of culture failure. According to research and practice, when the individual size of the poisoned shrimp seedlings is within 3cm, there are no macroscopic symptoms. Generally, they grow to more than 3-4cm. When the virus grows to a large amount in the shrimp, it suddenly begins to develop. In other words, when the disease is raised to the age of 1 to 1.5 months, it causes great economic losses to the shrimp farmers, which severely hits the production of shrimp farmers. Therefore, when buying shrimp seedlings can not be cheap, should buy reputable shrimp shrimp farms, buy non-inbreeding mated shrimp. Under normal circumstances, shrimp farmers can not understand the shrimp broodstock source, hatching rate, mortality, food sources and medication, the most realistic way is to buy shrimp seedlings, visual inspection of shrimp quality at the scene, as follows: Shrimp seedlings should be about 1 to 1.2 cm in size, uniform and consistent in size; the body surface should be clean, not dirty, and ciliated without parasites; the shrimp body should be transparent, the muscles should not be cloudy, and the large tentacles should not be redden; a certain number of shrimps should be used. Put into the water basin and directionally agitate the pot water. If the shrimp seedlings turn with the water without top water capacity, then the quality is poor. If the shrimp seedlings have the ability of top water, most of the shrimp seedlings will be in the top water of the basin, and the quality is better. The most effective method is to resist the water separation test, that is, to take a certain amount of shrimp seedlings, gently wrap the shrimps with a slightly wrung wet towel, and release the towel ten minutes later, and put the shrimp seedlings into the water, such as shrimp. When the seedlings survive, they are good shrimps, otherwise they are inferior seedlings. Shrimp seedlings are best kept in a greenhouse holding pool or in the rear of the water intake of the rearing tank by a plastic sheeting to divide into a small-area holding pond for desalination and cultivation for 7 to 10 days. When the specification reaches 1 to 1.5 centimeters or more, they are put into the large pool. Farming. 2.2 Desalination of shrimp seedlings The experimental area is brackish freshwater culture with a salinity of about 5‰. The salinity of the nursery is generally around 20‰. Therefore, the desalination process should be carried out before the shrimps enter the pond. Desalination technology is an important part of the successful cultivation of Penaeus vannamei in brackish or freshwater areas. The desalination process is gradual and should not fade quickly. The desalinated pool water should not reduce the salinity by more than 1 inch per day, allowing the shrimp to have a slow adaptation process. Choose a scientific desalination method: the proportion of seawater used for general nursery is 1.015 to 1.018. During the desalination process, the specific gravity is reduced by 3 to 4 units per day, ie, 1.018→1.014→1.010→1.006→1.003→1.001 until the salinity of the pond falls to within 5 inches of the salinity of the nursery pond, and then the seedlings are put into the pond. 2.3 Stocking time of shrimps The Changle area in Fujian Province is suitable in mid-May, when the water temperature is basically above 20°C. Let the seedlings wait until the water temperature stabilizes above 22°C for a week before starting stocking. In this production trial, two white prawn larvae were stocked and the first larvae were placed first, then the grass carp fry was released, and the second larvae were stocked on the first crop 15 days later. The first shrimp seedlings were released on May 6th, with 60000 tails on the 24th and 650,000 tails on the 25th, with an average of 50,000 tails per acre. The shrimp specifications are about 1.2 cm. The second prawn seedlings were released on August 20, of which the number of ponds on the 24th was 360,000, the number of the pond on the 25th was 440,000, and the average value was 30,000 per acre. The larvae were about 2.0 cm in size. Please pay attention when choosing the seedlings to be carried out in sunny mornings or late afternoons. Do not let the seedlings bloom when the sun is in direct sunlight or the water is cloudy in rainy weather at noon. The stocking density is based on local conditions. If the pond conditions, water quality are in good condition, and the oxygen enrichment equipment is complete, the stocking capacity of high-grade intensive culture ponds is generally between 50,000 and 100,000 tail/mu. This density can not only achieve high yields, but also ensure the size of the shrimp out of the pond. 2.4 Matching of fry After 10 days of stocking, when most of the shrimps have reached a size of more than 3cm, the grass carp species and tilapia fry of disease-free and injury-free 2nd-age fish are to be placed, and the number 24 pond is 12-14. Cm of wintering grass carp 600, 25 3 Feeding management 3.1 Water Quality Management Water quality directly affects the growth and survival rate of shrimp. During the aquaculture process, water is mainly added in the early stage; water is added every other day and moderate drainage is performed; in the later period, the amount of fecal matter and fish and shrimp is increased. According to the water color of the pool water, the water is changed in time, and the water is changed once every three days. The amount of water changed shall not exceed 30%. Keep transparency at around 40 cm. In the middle and later stages of aquaculture, the aerators were turned on for 2 hours each morning and in the afternoon. The aerators were turned on for 6 to 8 hours at night and the aerators were turned on on cloudy days. In addition, 10 to 15 ppm of quicklime and zeolite powder are splashed once every 20 days to improve water quality. In the ponds where the water exchange is relatively difficult, beneficial bacteria such as photosynthetic bacteria, clear water or EM bacteria are applied once every 10 to 20 days, which effectively decomposes organic matter in the pool, reduces the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water, maintains good water quality, and maintains water quality. Tea green or yellow-brown, pH value controlled at 7.8 ~ 8.6, dissolved oxygen guaranteed above 4mg/L. 3.2 Scientific feeding of Penaeus vannamei feeds does not require high protein content. During the aquaculture process, it is necessary to ensure that shrimps are fully fed and eaten, while taking into account the environment and reducing the feed coefficient. First of all, we must ensure that the feed is of high quality and fresh. We must ask the manufacturer to add no drugs prohibited by the state in the feed, or add antibacterial drugs to the feed. In the first batch, within 7 days of stocking, the main bait in the pond was mainly used, and some yolks that had been cooked and chopped and sieved with a 40-mesh sieve were used. Daily feeding amount was 0.5 yolks per 10,000 tails. Divide feeding twice in the morning and evening. After 7 days, feed pellets with suitable grain size are used. In the early stage of cultivation, pellets with a particle size of 0.05-0.5 mm are used. In the medium-term, 0.5-1.5 mm of feed is used, and 1.5-2.0 mm of feed is used in the later stage. The second is to control and adjust the amount of feeding. In the aquaculture production, according to the actual feeding conditions and the water quality and temperature, it can be done a small number of times to inspect the bait station without leaving the residual baits. The daily feeds were as follows: shrimp (3 g or less) 7 to 8%, medium shrimp (3 to 6 g) 5 to 7 percent, and prawns (6 g or more) 3 to 5 percent. Feeding times are 5-6 times daily. The second larvae were larger in size and were fed with compound feed during the breeding process. 3.3 Day-to-day management insists on daily inspections of the patrol ponds. Check the various facilities for damage, observe the changes in the environment of the shrimp ponds, especially the water color, shrimp feeding activities, and find problems in a timely manner. 3.4 Disease Prevention 4 test results The first white prawn harvested on August 12 and harvested 12.0 acres on the 24th pond with a total of 3295 kg. The average size was 78/kg, and the average yield was 275 kg. On the 25th pond, 13.47 mu, a total of 3605 kg was harvested. Average specifications 82 tails/kg, with an average yield of 267 kg per mu. The second white prawn began harvesting on October 15. The 24th pond had a total of 3696 kg. The average size was 78/kg, with an average yield of 308 kg/mu. On the 25th pond, a total of 4005 kg was harvested with an average size of 82/kg. 297 kg per mu. Grass carp and tilapia were caught in the clear pond on November 28th. In pond No. 24, 720 kg of grass carp were produced. The average size was 1.15 kg per tail, and tilapia was 6480 kg. The average size was 0.48 kg per tail and the average yield per mu was 600 kg. 25 Total ponds produce 750 kilograms of grass carp, with an average size of 1.1 kilograms per tail, tilapia 6650 kilograms, an average size of 0.46 kilograms per tail, and an average yield of 549 kilograms per mu. 5 Analysis and Discussion 1. Through exploration and breeding in recent years, it has been proved that Penaeus vannamei has the advantages of strong adaptability, rapid growth, high yield, and strong disease resistance, and is very suitable for large-scale cultivation under brackish water conditions, and can fully obtain high yield. In 2008 and 2009, the average yield of grass carp and tilapia was 826 kg. The average increase in the average income per mu was 263 kg and the highest was 420 kg. Therefore, polyculture of white prawns and grass carp and tilapia was a kind of species. Increase production and efficiency of the breeding mode.
China Green Coffee Beans
flavor: mellow and balanced, with fruit acid flavor, nuts, honey, chocolate, citrus;
Variety:Aribica
processing method: washing;
water content: less than 12%;
packaging: 60kg / bag
In 1892, French missionary father Tian Daneng preached in Dali, Yunnan Province, China. In order to drink coffee, he taught local villagers to grow and drink coffee. Up to now, coffee has been planted in Yunnan Province of China for more than 100 years, with an area of 120000 mu. Most of the varieties planted in Yunnan are ccatimor, with an altitude of 1000-1500m, The coffee produced in Yunnan has a balanced taste, rich nut and citrus flavor, some of which are very sweet, with obvious taste of chocolate, toffee and maple sugar. It is one of the high-quality coffee producing areas. Our coffee is produced at the junction of Puer and Burma - the Myitkyina original jungle beans at 1500-1750, with a rich flavor, high aroma and high sweetness. The 2019 international coffee cup Masters Tournament (China finals) is sponsored by beans.
Good Coffee Beans,Grade 1 Coffee Beans,Organic Espresso Beans,Fresh Green Coffee Beans Yunnan New Biology Culture Co,.Ltd , https://www.lvsancoffee.com
1.2.1 clear pond disinfection. Bottom sludge is a fertile ground for the growth of viruses and bacteria. For shrimp ponds reconstructed from old ponds or fish ponds, the first dry ponds should be exposed for 20 to 30 days. Choose sunny mornings, fill 10 to 20 cm of water, and disinfect with 100 to 150 kg of lime per acre; or use bleaching powder per acre (effective chlorine The content is 25% or more) 15 to 17.5 kilograms; or 5 to 6 kilograms of chlorine dioxide per acre pond is poured on the whole pond, drained after 2 days; or soaked in 10 to 15 kilograms of tea cake per acre. Quanchiposa, after a thorough clear pond disinfectant for a week, is completed.
1.2.2 Water disinfection. The most ideal and scientific method is to establish a water storage sedimentation and disinfection pool. The area of ​​the pool should be 1/3 to 1/5 of the total shrimp pool area according to production needs. When it is necessary to use seawater to adjust the salinity in the pool, the inshore seawater will be contaminated by the discharged diseased shrimp pond water or near-shore sewage or the occurrence of red tide seawater, and the influent seawater should also be used after disinfection. You can use the "rich chlorine" water-soluble Quanchiposa. Usage: 0.15-0.2 g/m3 of water (ie 0.15-0.2 kg/mu, water depth of 1.5 m), or 1 g of bleached water per cubic meter of water, after 3 to 5 days after disinfection, add into the shrimp pond again. This has the advantage of not only achieving the purpose of disinfection but also killing toxic, harmful algae that cause red tides to occur.
1.2.3 Cultivate basic bait. 10 to 15 days before seedling emergence, shrimp ponds were fed with water of about 50 centimeters, and the basic bait was cultured with fully fermented organic fertilizers and microbial preparations. General application of organic fertilizer is 100~150 kg/mu and Feishuiling and other biological fertilizers are 1~1.5 kg/mu. At the same time, 2 kg of urea and 0.5 kg of superphosphate are applied per acre, so that the transparency of the pond water is between 25 and 30 cm, and the water is tea-brown or yellow-green. Before fry stocking, shrimps can also use “fat water†(used in accordance with the instructions) to make water available, so that after the shrimp enters the pond, there is sufficient supply of live food to ensure the nutrition and growth of the shrimp. Two days after fertilization, add active yeast or photosynthetic bacteria to stabilize water quality and prevent the growth of bacteria. The good water color is light yellowish green or light yellowish brown. The former is dominated by green algae and has algae such as diatoms; the latter is mainly diatoms. The transparency of water is suitable for 25 to 35 centimeters. When the nitrogen and phosphorus in the water are consumed, the algae are aged. When the water is turned, the water will suddenly become clear, resulting in an oxygen-dead shrimp. Therefore, a small amount of fresh water should be added. And timely top dressing "(Fertilizer) + urea) to maintain a stable color (plus active yeast). Algae is an important factor in optimizing the water environment and is a necessary part of the material cycle. It can effectively absorb ammonia nitrogen, nitrates, and nitrites in water and maintain a good water environment.
The number of ponds is 650, with an average of 50 pigs per acre. At the same time, the tilapia fry between 6 and 8 cm per acre is placed between 800 and 1000 tails.
3.4.1 Adhere to the principle of “mainly prevention and comprehensive disease prevention and treatmentâ€. Water disinfection should be performed regularly from the start of cultivation. The seedlings are sterilized once a month later, and once every 15 to 20 days. Disinfectant drugs include lime, dibromohydantoin, and Qingshui, photosynthetic bacteria and other environmental drugs. At the same time, 1 to 2% of vitamin C, viral spirits, immune polysaccharides, and red body of shrimps are regularly added to the feed to enhance the disease resistance of the shrimp. In terms of comprehensive disease prevention, in addition to selecting high-quality shrimp seedlings and quarantine for good seedlings, it is also necessary to strictly control feed quality and water quality. When the water is changed, the irrigation is not large and the water body is relatively stable. Found that the cause of shrimp disease immediately identified the cause, timely removal of dead shrimp, non-pollution treatment. Then correct diagnosis, find out the pathogens, prescribe the right medicine, scientific and rational use of fishery drugs. The use of fishery drugs is carried out in accordance with the "Guidelines for the Use of Drugs for Fisheries" and uses drugs that are highly efficient and non-irritating, have low residue, and have no toxic or side effects. During the implementation of the project, due to the ideological emphasis and preventive measures in place, no major disease situation has occurred.
3.4.2 The production practice proves that the regular feeding of antiviral drugs is the most effective preventive measure. In the case of already exposed drugs, the normal growth of shrimp can be maintained. The specific method is: use “antiviral pathogens†(additional dose of 250 grams of drug is added to 50 kg of feed, feed 5 to 7 days, feed once every 15 to 20 days) or use “detoxification†"Shrimp Dan" (additional dose of 250 g of food is added to 50 kg of feed for internal use, feeding for 3 to 5 days, feeding once every half month), either of which is optional. Welt vitamin C, or "LAPP-Efficient Nutrients," is more effective. "Anti-toxic immunosuppressive drugs" or "Detoxification and Protection of Dan" are compound medicines based on traditional Chinese medicine, which can play an anti-viral, anti-bacterial, and shrimp-enhanced immunity. Its comprehensive effect, the effect is obvious and stable.
3.4.3 In the middle and later stages of breeding, use “new chlorine†or “shrimp Shutai†to disinfect once every half month. It is best to use “fertilizer†plus urea 3 days after disinfection, and finally stabilize the water with live water yeast or photosynthetic bacteria.
2. From the experiments and observations in the second year, the greatest benefit of polyculture of white shrimp and grass carp and tilapia is that they can effectively reduce the occurrence of diseases in the breeding and prevent the spread of pathogens, thereby reducing the mortality rate. The main reason is that once white shrimp disease occurs in the culture ponds, sick shrimps and dead shrimps will be eaten by grass carp, tilapia, etc., which will prevent water quality deterioration and pathogen spread due to dead and shelled decay debris. Effectively reduce the risk of breeding and improve economic efficiency.
3. The polyculture or nesting of Penaeus vannamei and grass carp can give full play to the production potential of fish ponds. Penaeus vannamei lives mainly at the bottom of the pond. It only swims to the poolside or upper-middle-level waters during foraging and patrol, and grass carp belongs to the species. In the upper pelagic fish, the main activity space is in the upper waters, and polyculture can effectively use the pond space. At the same time, grass carp can effectively use the residual baits, excrements, phytoplankton, and organic debris as baits, not only reducing the cost of bait, increasing economic efficiency, but also reducing the pollution of ponds and reducing the probability of disease occurrence. 
Penaeus vannamei and grass carp, tilapia nesting technology
Next Article
Five pesticide spraying technology
Prev Article
Goose winter management skills