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High-temperature season aquaculture management technology
In the summer season, the weather becomes extremely hot, causing water temperatures to rise significantly. This environment promotes rapid fish growth, but it also leads to higher concentrations of nutrients in the water, making fish more prone to diseases. Therefore, effective management during this period is crucial for maintaining a healthy aquatic ecosystem.
First, it's essential to maintain and improve water quality. One key step is to keep the water level at its highest by regularly adding fresh water to compensate for evaporation and leaks. It's recommended to perform water changes every 7–10 days, adding about 10–15 cm each time. If water supply is limited, adjust feeding and fertilization accordingly while ensuring that the water color and clarity remain optimal.
Next, fertilize the pond in small amounts multiple times throughout the season. The ideal water color should be reddish-brown, brownish-green, or dark green—indicating a "living" water with visible color changes. Maintain a transparency of around 20–30 cm. If the water becomes too dark, consider using bleaching powder or formaldehyde as part of a disease prevention strategy to reduce the phytoplankton population. Always monitor dissolved oxygen levels during these treatments. In high-density fish farms, it’s usually better to apply phosphate fertilizer rather than nitrogen-based ones.
Adjusting the pH of the pond water is another important task. Keep the pH between 7.5 and 8.5 by applying lime every 15–20 days. Use approximately 20–25 kg per mu (about 667 square meters) to create a lime milk solution. This helps improve water quality, remove organic matter, reduce oxygen consumption, and support the growth of beneficial algae.
Proper aeration is also critical. Install an impeller aerator based on the pond size—ideally for 5–8 mu. Aerator use should follow the natural fluctuations of dissolved oxygen. On sunny days, start aeration at noon; on cloudy days, begin early in the morning. During evenings and rainy nights, ensure aeration is active to prevent fish from floating to the surface due to low oxygen levels. Adjust the duration and frequency based on weather conditions, water quality, fish behavior, and the load on the aeration equipment.
Second, focus on feeding management. Implement the “four decisions†principle: timing, location, quality, and quantity. Feed according to the weather, water conditions, and fish appetite. Feed more when the weather is good, and reduce feeding on rainy days. Avoid feeding before hot weather or thunderstorms. When the water is clear and the color is good, continue normal feeding. If the water becomes too dark, reduce feeding and add fresh water promptly. If fish are aggressively competing for food, feed normally and observe if the floating fish decrease. If competition is not intense, reduce feeding and investigate the cause. During disease treatment, carefully control the amount of feed given.
Third, implement a regular drug prevention program. Use bleaching powder once every two weeks to prevent bacterial diseases. Mix 1 ppm of bleaching powder in the pond water. Disinfect the feeding area daily with 250 grams of bleaching powder per feeding spot, applied between 2:00 and 3:00 PM before feeding. Dissolve the powder and spray it around the feeding area to disinfect the environment.
Every ten days after July, hang a bag containing copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, or trichlorfon in the feeding area. These drugs help eliminate parasites on the fish. Each session lasts 3–4 days, and the medicine should be changed daily. Use 100 grams of copper sulfate or 40 grams of ferrous sulfate per day, or 100 grams of trichlorfon. Use one type at a time. Hang 4–6 bags per feeding area.
Finally, oral medications can be added to the fish feed. Mix medicines such as fish meal, fish blood, or other therapeutic ingredients into the bait. Administer this bait for 3 consecutive days, once or twice a month, depending on the routine prevention dosage. This method ensures that the fish receive the necessary treatment without stressing them.
Butterfly bean flower is also known as butterfly bean flower, blue butterfly flower, blue butterfly, butterfly blue flower, and other aliases such as butterfly sheep bean and bean bee. Its petals can be used for dyeing and eating, and are rich in vitamins A, C and E. It is rich in anthocyanins, which can improve immunity, help and promote skin elasticity and collagen production, and has antioxidant effects.
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