The autumn and winter management of walnut trees includes four parts, namely soil and fertilizer management, pruning, pest control and cold management of young walnut trees. First, the autumn and winter soil, fertilizer, and water management of walnut trees of all ages 1. Unproductive trees After the fallen leaves, the soil is deep-frozen and the tree plates are built before the soil is frozen. Generally, the depth is 20-25 cm. Shiji Fei is mainly organic fertilizer with a maturity of 25 to 50 kg/plant, and 2 to 5 kg of superphosphate can also be added. When fertilizing, it is possible to apply a ring-shaped groove method, that is, to dig 20-40 cm wide and 30 cm deep ring grooves around the circumference of the crown, place the topsoil and the soil and soil separately, fill the fertilizer after digging, and fill in the topsoil. Evenly, fill in the appropriate amount of soil and ground with the original ground level. 2. After the initial result tree is fallen, the soil is deep-frozen before the soil is frozen, and a tree tray and a young tree are constructed. Shiji Fei is mainly composed of organic fertilizer, 30-50 kilograms per plant, adding 2-5 kilograms of superphosphate, and can be used for strip fertilization when fertilizing. Between walnut trees or between trees, cut the opposite sides of the edge of the crown, and dig a parallel fertilization ditch. The width of the ditch is 20-40 cm and the depth is 30 cm. The length is determined according to the size of the crown. After mixing the fertilizer and the topsoil, fill the ground with the original ground. Pay attention to the location of the trench to be changed every year. 3. After fruiting trees in the fruit period, the method of management before soil freezing is the same as saplings. Shiji Fei mainly organic fertilizer, each 50 to 80 kg, while each plant with 2 to 5 kg of superphosphate, fertilization can be used when the fertilization method. Divide 3 to 6 trenches 20 to 40 centimeters deep and 30 centimeters deep from the inside to the outside of the trunk. Gradually deepen from inside to outside. After digging, mix the fertilizer and topsoil and fill it in. Finally, fill in the soil. Flat with the original ground. Be careful to change the position of the ditch every year. Water should be watered after fertilization as described above to facilitate the absorption of fertilizer. Second, the age of walnut trees in autumn and winter trim 1. Sapling shaping. It is mainly to cultivate a good skeleton of the tree, lay a good foundation, and rapidly expand the crown to promote early results and early high yields. The tree we use is a sparse layer of small crowns. The center of this tree is obviously dry. It is set to be 80 centimeters in diameter, with 6 to 8 main branches. It is divided into 3 layers and is placed on the central stem. The first and second layers 80 cm spacing, second and third layer spacing 70 cm, the first main branch selects two lateral branches, the second main branch retains two lateral branches, and the third main branch retains one or two Lateral branches. 2. The initial result tree is trimmed. After the walnut trees are planted for 2 to 3 years or 5 to 6 years, they enter the early fruit period. The main task of this period of pruning is to continue the cultivation of the main and lateral branches according to the requirements of the tree, so that the skeleton is firm, the growth is balanced, and the results are organized in groups. This period of walnut trees should be strictly controlled behind the branches. As much as possible to keep auxiliary support to supplement the space and increase early production. For the pruning of auxiliary branches, we must keep them strong, or put them first, then shrink them and combine them to make them more fruitful. For this period of leggy branches, pruning should be removed. The non-backbone branches should be sparser and weaker, increase the nutritional area, and gradually remove the tree potential.
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Autumn and winter management of different ages of walnut trees
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