Vegetable garden soil fertilization

Cultivating vegetable garden soil is a process of intensive cultivation and intensive management. It is generally used as a method of cultivation.

(a) to build a park. Choose a plot that is flat, well lit, well-watered, and easily accessible. For low-lying land, attention should be paid to improving the drainage conditions of farmland, and drainage ditches should be opened to prevent flooding.

(b) Change the soil. According to the different texture of soil, the soil is modified by using the method of changing the garden with the soil. For soils that are too heavy, sand is properly incorporated. Garbage, river mud and other improved materials; while sand fertilizer, poor water retention, clay soil needs to be used to improve soil quality.

(c) Increase soil organic matter content. A large number of cooked organic fertilizers were applied and supplemented with chemical fertilizers. The amount of organic fertilizer is 5000-10000 Kg per mu, and it is repeatedly plowed after being spread evenly to fully mix with the soil. Where conditions permit, interplanting short-term green manures, such as scorpions, sorghum, etc., to increase organic matter in the soil and improve the structure of the soil granules. At the same time, through the activity and decomposition of microorganisms, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in organic matter can be transformed from the organic state. It can be absorbed and utilized directly by crops to improve soil fertility.

(D) to expand the mature soil. The plough layer of farmland soil is shallow, generally about 15cm, and there is a tight plough bottom layer. After changing into a vegetable garden, deep plowing can be used gradually to deepen the plough layer. After ploughing, the soil tillage layer is 20-25cm and the mature soil layer is 30-50cm to form a thicker loose soil layer and expand the absorption surface of the root to provide nutrients and moisture for a long time.

(e) Application of chemical fertilizers. Vegetables absorb more nutrients than field crops. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the absorption of calcium and magnesium is also greater. For example, the amount of nitrogen (N) absorbed by vegetables is about 40% higher than that of wheat, 20% higher in phosphorus (P) absorption, 2 times higher in potassium absorption (K), 4 times higher in calcium absorption (Ca), and magnesium absorption ( The amount of Mg) is 50% higher. Therefore, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers should be increased after Daejeon is changed into a vegetable garden. Rational application of different types of vegetables can avoid single application of nitrogen fertilizer. In soils with insufficient calcium and magnesium nutrition, calcium and magnesium fertilizers or fertilizers containing calcium and magnesium must be used. Such as calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, superphosphate, potassium magnesium sulfate, boron magnesium fertilizer.

(6) Cultivation and management. The newly-reconstructed vegetable garden soils are initially planted with vegetables that have relatively low requirements for fertilizer and water, such as peas, onions, and Chinese cabbage. After planting for a period of time, the degree of soil heating is increased. After the conditions of water, fertilizer, gas and heat are improved, vegetables such as tomatoes and cucumbers, which require higher soil fertility, are more likely to obtain high yield and stable yield.

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