Tea Garden winter management points

Fertilizer management

With the gradual decline in temperature, the aboveground part of the tea tree gradually ceased to grow into a dormant phase, while the underground part gradually became active and entered the peak period of root activity. At this time, we should seize the favorable opportunity to create good conditions for the underground root growth to meet the soil environment and nutrition needed for tea root activity.

The first is to carry out reasonable plowing of tea gardens. The role of ploughing is mainly to help loosen the soil, improve the state of the soil, soil properties and soil fertility, is conducive to the respiration and growth of the root system, is conducive to the absorption of nutrients by the roots, promotes the growth and development of the roots of the tea plant and the soil Transparency. Through soil plowing can also play a role in insecticidal sterilization, the surface of the eggs, cockroaches, harmful bacteria turned to the lower soil layer, so that it suffocates to death, or the lower layer of soil eggs, cockroaches, bacteria turning Sunburned or frozen to earth surface.

The principle of ploughing is that the sandy loam can be lighter, the yellow loam and the yellow brown earth are deeper, and the place near the root of the tea tree should be ploughed, and deeper away from the root of the tea tree. The depth of ploughing is generally about 20 cm, and the second is fertilization. According to experiments conducted by the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences in tea plants, tea trees that have not been fertilized in autumn and winter have a weaker growth potential after the second year of spring, and their leaves are thin and small, and their quality is poor. In autumn and winter, tea plants with deep basal fertilization showed strong growth after spring, thick and large leaves, good quality, and a significant increase in yield (usually the yield per mu increased by more than 15%).

In fertilizing tea gardens in autumn and winter seasons, farmyard manure or manure fertilizers such as pond mud, human and animal manure are generally used, and harmless treatment must be carried out prior to application. Usually, manure or earth fertilizers are added to the EMS bacteria solution to pile up. The system produces high temperatures and kills harmful bacteria. The time for composting is 20-30 days. After harmless treatment, the application amount per mu is 2000-3000 kg. Of course, it is also possible to use 100-150 kg of cake fertilizer, 10-15 kg of urea, 30 kg of superphosphate and 20 kg of potassium sulfate.

The specific method of fertilization is to deepen the ditch between tea trees and cover the soil after application to prevent the loss of fertilizer. For stepped tea gardens, fertilizer should be applied to the inside of the steps. Fertilization in autumn and winter can not exceed the late mid-November. Late fertilization due to low temperatures, poor root absorption, affect fertilizer efficiency.

Crown management

Tea tree pruning in winter is the technical link to achieve high quality and high yield of spring tea.

The specific method of pruning is that tea gardens with strong growth potential and strong growth generally can only cut out the protruding parts of the bonnet and reach the flat surface of the tree mulch. For tea plants with more fine technics and chicken claws, the output of the pods will begin to decline. For deep pruning, branches 9-12 cm above the canopy can be cut off and all the branches of the chicken feet cut off to facilitate the vigorous growth of the next year's germination; for the old tea gardens where the tree vigor has been debilitated and the production level is seriously degraded, it should be adopted. Heavy pruning cuts out more than one-half of the height of the canopy to promote the full renewal of the canopy of the tea tree and restore production capacity as soon as possible. Winter pruning should generally be completed around mid-November.

Pest control

The prevention and control of pests and diseases in tea gardens are mainly pest control. After the closure of the garden, light trimming and trimming can play a role in disease prevention and control. However, some tea plantations are pruned in the following year and pruned in the spring of the following year, which makes it difficult to achieve the effect of preventing and eliminating diseases. Therefore, the tea garden should do a good job in three aspects.

One is to clean up the tea garden. Weeds and litter are the places where pests are parasited and overwintering. Clearing the garden in time will help reduce the number of overwintering pests in tea gardens. The overwintering pests of tea plants mainly include small green leafhoppers, tea leafhoppers, leaf blight, round spot disease, and fleas and fleas. Therefore, after the closure of the park, the weeds on the terrace walls and the dead branches of the roots of the tea trees should be promptly removed and burned. Light pruning should be completed before the Qingyuan, so that when the clearing of the garden will be treated together with the broken leaves.

The second is manual capture. After the closure of the park and early winter, the temperatures are likely to be higher. Chaga moths, flat moths, and tea caterpillar pests can continue to harm tea plants. At this time, we should seize the opportunity to manually capture sunny days at around 9 am and after 3 pm. To reduce the harm.

The third is to close the park. Immediately after the closure of the park, 0.3-0.5 Baume degrees of lime sulfur was used for control. When spraying, the tea bushes shall be sprayed up and down, inside and outside, and the front and back of the blade shall be sprayed. The weeds on the ground and the branches in the tent shall be sprayed to improve the control effect. The closure of the tea gardens generally ends before the end of November.

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