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Possible reasons for the exclusion method
1. The syringe has a problem 1 and is verified with a new syringe.
2. The detector is not connected, or the detector does not work. 2. Check the set value.
3. The injection temperature is too low 3. Check the temperature and adjust as needed
4. The oven temperature is too low 4. Check the temperature and adjust as needed
5. No-load airflow 5. Check the pressure regulator and check the leak to verify the column feed rate
6. Column breakage 6. If the column break is at the inlet end of the column or at the end of the detector, it can be remedied. Cut off the broken part of the column and reinstall it.
Second, the frontier peak
Possible reasons for the exclusion method
1. Column overload 1. Reduce injection volume
2. Co-elution of two compounds
2. Improve sensitivity and reduce injection volume, reduce temperature by 10~20 degrees to separate peaks
3. Sample condensation
3. Check the inlet and column temperature and heat up if necessary
4. Sample decomposition
4. Use a deactivated injector liner or lower the injector temperature
Third, trailing peak
Possible reasons for the exclusion method
1. Injector liner or column adsorbs active sample
1. Replace the bushing. If the problem cannot be solved, remove the inlet end of the column 1~2 turns and reinstall it.
2. Column or injector temperature is too low
2. Warm up (do not exceed the maximum temperature of the column). The injector temperature should be 25 degrees higher than the highest boiling point of the sample
3. Co-elution of two compounds
3. Improve sensitivity, reduce injection volume, and reduce temperature by 10~20 degrees to separate peaks
4. Column damage 4. Replacement column
5. Column contamination 5. Remove 1~2 turns from the inlet end of the column and reinstall
Fourth, only the solvent peak
Possible reasons for the exclusion method
1. There is something wrong with the syringe 1. Verify with a new syringe.
2. Incorrect carrier gas flow rate (too low)
2. Check the flow rate and adjust if necessary
3. The sample is too thin 3. Inject the known sample to give good results. If the result is good, increase the sensitivity or increase the amount of injection.
4. The oven temperature is too high
4. Check the temperature and adjust as needed
5. The column cannot resolve the component from the solvent peak
5. Replace the column with a thicker coating or a different polarity
6. Carrier gas leakage 6. Check the leak (with soapy water)
7. The sample is adsorbed by the column or the injector bushing
7. Replace the bushing. If the problem cannot be solved, remove 1~2 turns from the inlet end of the column and reinstall it.
Five, wide solvent peak
Possible reasons for the exclusion method
1. Dead volume is generated at the inlet due to improper column installation
1. Reinstall the column.
2. Poor injection technique (injection is too slow)
2. Adopt fast and stable injection technology.
3. The injector temperature is too low 3. Increase the injector temperature.
4. Sample solvent and detection interaction (dichloromethane / ECD)
4. Replace the sample solvent.
5. Residual sample solvent in the column
5. Replace the sample solvent
6. Improper cleaning of the septum 6. Adjustment or cleaning
7. The split ratio is incorrect (the split flow rate is insufficient)
7. Adjust the flow rate
Six, false peak
Possible reasons for the exclusion method
1. The column adsorbs the sample and then desorbs
1. Replace the liner. If the problem cannot be solved, remove 1~2 turns from the column inlet and reinstall.
2. Syringe contamination
2. Try it with a new syringe and a clean solvent. If the false peak disappears, rinse the syringe several times.
3. The sample size is too large 3. Reduce the injection volume.
4. Poor injection technology (injection is too slow) 4. Adopt fast and stable injection technology
7. Unidentified peaks appear in columns that have worked well in the past.
Possible reasons for the exclusion method
1. The column temperature is not correct. 1. Check and adjust the temperature.
2. Incorrect carrier gas flow rate 2. Check and adjust the flow rate.
3. The sample injection volume is too large. 3. Reduce the sample injection volume.
4. The injection technology level is too bad (injection is too slow) 4. Adopt fast and steady injection technology.
5. Column and liner contamination
5. Replace the bushing. If the problem cannot be solved, remove 1~2 turns from the inlet end of the column and reinstall it.
Eight, the baseline is irregular or unstable
Possible reasons for the exclusion method
Column loss or pollution
1. Replace the bushing. If the problem cannot be solved, remove 1~2 turns from the inlet end of the column and reinstall it.
2. Detector or injector contamination 2. Cleaning detector and injector
3. Carrier gas leakage 3. Replace the septum and check the column for leakage.
4. Carrier gas control is not coordinated
4. Check if the source pressure is sufficient. If the pressure is ≤ 500 psi, please replace the cylinder.
5. The carrier gas has impurities or gas path pollution. 5. Replace the gas cylinder and clean the metal tube with a carrier gas purification device.
6. The carrier gas flow rate is not within the maximum/minimum limits of the instrument.
(including FID with hydrogen and air)
6. Measure the flow rate and verify it according to the technical specifications of the manual.
7. The detector is out of order. 7. Refer to the instrument manual for inspection.
8. Injector septum loss 8. Aging or replacement of septum
Nine, the same column retention time varies
Possible reasons for the exclusion method
1. The column temperature is too low or too high 1. Check and adjust the column temperature.
2. The carrier gas flow rate is too low or too high. 2. Measure the flow rate at the column outlet with an appropriate, calibrated gas source.
3. Sampler septum or column leak 3. If necessary, check and repair.
4. Column contamination or damage 4. Re-age or replace the column
5. Sample overload 5. Reduce sample injection volume.
6. The recorder is out of order 6. Check the recorder.
7. Carrier gas control is not coordinated
7. Check the carrier gas source to see if the pressure is sufficient. If the pressure is ≤ 500 psi, please replace the cylinder.
operation.
Summary of common peaks
First, the peak is lost
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