Fangcheng County has an annual planting area of ​​460,000 mu. As peanuts are planted year after year, soil-borne diseases such as peanut root rot and stalk rot become common diseases. The occurrence is very common and the hazards are relatively serious. Especially for the heavy smashed land masses, they are aggravated year by year, which seriously affects the output and quality of peanuts. The hazard symptoms, causes and prevention techniques of peanut rot stalk rot are now described as follows: First, the harm symptoms 1, peanut root rot. Commonly referred to as "rat tail", each growth period can be disease. Peanuts were infected before sowing and infected seeds that had just germinated. The seedlings were damaged. The main roots became brown and the plants withered. The adult plants suffered damage. The main root rhizomes had dents and brown spots. The roots were rotten and easily peeled off. , no lateral roots or very few, shaped like rat tail. The plants on the ground are short, the leaves are yellow, and the flowering results are few, and most of them are pods. 2, peanut stalk rot. Commonly known as rickets, æŽ neck 瘟. In the early and middle stages of peanut growth, the cotyledon first turns black and decays. Then it invades the stem base and underground stem near the ground. It starts with an immersed brownish-yellow lesion, and gradually spreads around the stem or spreads to the rhizome to form a dark brown spot. The above ground part The leaves became light yellow, and they naped at noon and resumed the next day. When the disease became severe, the whole plant wilted and died. Second, the characteristics of occurrence Peanut root rot and stalk rot on the continuous cropping plot; heavy soil, shallow sandy land, low fertility ground, weak peanut growth, and poor disease resistance; spring sowing of peanuts, especially on early land parcels Severe onset; root rot in heavy seedlings and heavy rains during the seedling period. Peanut roots, stems, and fruit diseases commonly occur in the mulch, and the general disease rate reaches 3% to 15%, and the serious one reaches 80%. Third, the cause of the disease 1. Soil carriers, seed carriers, and manure carriers are internal causes of disease transmission. Especially in the peanut harvest season, with many continuous rainy weather, peanut shells mostly have moldy spots, and the high seed-borne rate is conducive to the spread of the disease. 2. Peanut root rot and stalk rot occur in varying degrees in the neighboring provinces of our city. In recent years, the disease has become more severe. Soil, manure, diseased bodies, and pathogens in seeds have accumulated year after year, through seeds, rainwater runoff, Winds and other mutual transmissions provided the germs source for the onset of the disease the following year. 3. Larger areas of peanuts in our city are planted in hillock soil areas with shallow soil, low fertility, and poor ability to retain water and fertilizers. Peanut growth is weak, disease resistance is low, and disease severity is heavy. Fourth, prevention and control measures 1, the implementation of rotation. The sick field is in every year round, and the sick field rounds for 3 to 5 years. Rotate with wheat, corn and other cereal crops to avoid interplanting with soybeans and sweet potatoes. 2. Get well and manage seeds well. The peanuts used for planting should be timely harvested, dried in time, stored in a ventilated, dry place, protected from moisture and mildew. 3, seed treatment before sowing. Seed-free selection of seed before sowing, seed drying, and seed treatment at the same time, seed dressing with 50% carbendazim WP with a seed weight of 0.3-0.5% or 1:500 with a 2.5% seed coating agent : Kind) coat. 4, deep turning to improve soil. After the peanuts were harvested, the land was deep-rooted in time to eliminate some of the overwintering germs, finely soil preparation, and improve the quality of sowing. 5, do a good job of cultivation and management centered on fertilizer and water. Appropriate fertilization, pay attention to the use of net fertilizer, increase the application of organic fertilizer, follow up the application of vegetation ash; improve drainage and irrigation system, improve the ability of flood control and drought resistance, timely drainage after the rain row draining moisture; in the peanut growing season, timely cultivation and weeding, and promote seedlings Early onset, robust growth, and enhanced resistance to peanut disease. Timely removal of field strains, brought out of the field to destroy. 6, chemical control. After the peanuts were inoculated, they were inspected. After the diseased plants were found, they were immediately controlled, and the central diseased plants were blocked. 70% thiophanate-methyl WP could be used for 500-800 times mu or 40% methyl-tocopherol 600 times for perfusion piers. Irrigation was performed 10 days apart, and irrigation was repeated 2 times. The above-mentioned agents were used alternately and the effect was better. Non-locking Plate Screw Series Upper Limb Orthopaedic Implant,Narrow Dynamic Pressurizing Plates,Mild Steel Plates ,Femoral Gooseneck Screw Jiangsu Health Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd. , https://www.medicalhos.com
Peanut rot stalk rot prevention and control technology