Reasons and Countermeasures for "Transferring Water" in Pond Culture

In the summer and autumn high temperature season, in the process of aquaculture, the pool fish suddenly reduced their food intake, the pool water was too thick or red, overnight changed from oily green to milky, and the aerator was activated, with a stench of stench; due to the sudden deterioration of water quality. As a result, fish ponds are flooded, and if they are not discovered and taken measures in time, they will cause a large number of dead fish and cause major economic losses for farmers. This phenomenon is called by farmers as "turning water."

1 Reasons for changing water

1.1 The plankton in the pond is unbalanced, and there are too many zooplankton. For example, rotifers, cladocera, protozoa, etc. ingest phytoplankton, and the phytoplankton reproduction rate is lower than the zooplankton's devour rate, and zooplankton is overproduced. The oxygen production capacity in the pond is extremely low and dissolved oxygen is reduced, causing the pond to turn water.

1.2 When the algae in the water body is too rich, when the weather mutates or spills drugs that kill the algae, the phytoplankton in the water body are massively dead. The pool water changes from dark green, blue-green, dark brown to milky white or dark black, and then gradually clear and transparent. The large number of deaths of phytoplankton resulted in weak photosynthesis, drastically decreased dissolved oxygen, dead bodies of phytoplankton, and toxic products such as nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, and methane that caused decomposition of organic matter in the water under hypoxic conditions. Pool fish died a lot due to lack of oxygen and poisoning.

2 Measures taken

2.1 If “turning water” occurs in the breeding process, the most direct and most effective way is to change the water. The bottom water should be pumped while adding new water. It is also possible to add a better source of water for algae near the pond; the water supply is limited. Ponds can use chemical drugs and physical methods to regulate water quality.

2.2 Open aerator

2.3 Reduce harmful substances. For “transformation” caused by excessive zooplankton, especially fish and shrimp ponds, insecticides harmful to Penaeus vannamei should be avoided. In the breeding practice, it is generally recommended to use avermectin to kill rotifers and shoots. Zooplankton, such as hornfish, can be used in conjunction with high-efficiency water improvers and aeration agents due to the "turnover of water" caused by the large number of deaths of algae. Efficient water quality improver can play a role in adsorbing toxic elements such as ammonia, nitrogen and spoilage organic matter.

2.4 fertilizer water. Fertilizer is the main measure that must be taken after the “turning water” treatment. After the water is treated, fertilizer and water such as fertilizer and water can be applied. Adjusting the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus in water is conducive to the rapid growth of phytoplankton, and it can also reduce the concentration of nitrogen in the water, so that the water can achieve ecological balance and reach the purpose of fertilizer and water.

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