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Application of ultrafiltration and ultrafiltration in water treatment
Application of ultrafiltration and ultrafiltration in water treatment
Ultrafiltration is a membrane separation process. Ultrafiltration utilizes a pressure-activated membrane that traps colloids, particles, and relatively high molecular weight substances in the water under external driving forces (pressure), while water and small solute particles pass through the membrane separation process. Since the entrapped pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is extremely small, it is generally expressed not by the unit of length but by the molecular weight of the substance which can pass through the membrane pore.
The ultrafiltration membrane typically has a molecular weight cut off of from 1,000,000 to 1,000. When the liquid to be treated passes through the surface of the membrane at a certain flow rate by the action of external pressure, the water molecules and the solute having a smaller molecular weight permeate the membrane, and the particles larger than the pores of the membrane, the macromolecular substances and the like are trapped due to the screening action, thereby The treatment liquid is separated or purified.
Ultrafiltration is a relative filtration. Ultrafiltration devices commonly used in water treatment technology have two applications: front-end treatment to remove colloids, organic matter and particles in water; and back-end treatment to remove heat, endotoxin and various biological enzymes.
In the ultrafiltration process, due to the accumulation of trapped impurities on the surface of the membrane, concentration polarization occurs. When the concentration of the membrane solute reaches a certain limit, a gel layer is formed, and the water permeability of the membrane is drastically decreased. This limits the application of ultrafiltration to a certain extent. To this end, the flow path process of the ultrafiltration unit needs to be designed and periodically cleaned to control the concentration polarization phenomenon.
The ultrafiltration device in the water treatment system has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, small land occupation, low investment, high purification efficiency, etc., and has been widely used in various large and medium-sized water treatment systems and small pure water devices.
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