Tilapia is a tropical fish that is not tolerant of low temperatures and will gradually die when the water temperature drops below 12°C. Under normal circumstances, in addition to the natural wintering of tilapia in a few areas in southern China, other areas need to take measures to help wintering. According to the practical experience in production, several safe overwintering methods for tilapia are described below: 1, hot spring water winter. The wintering pond area should be based on the water temperature, flow, topography and production scale. The depth of wintering pond is 1.5-2 meters, and the amount of incoming water and water should be similar to maintain a certain temperature and depth of water. If the water temperature of hot springs is very high, they should be cooled to a certain temperature in the reservoir and then injected into the overwintering pool. The overwintering method and the wintering density are higher. At the same time, due to the higher water temperature and sufficient water, the broodstock breeding and breeding can be strengthened, and the gonad gonads can be precociously promoted and the breeding and nursery can be carried out earlier. 2, the factory surplus water overwintering. With the cooling water discharged from some factories, wintering is performed directly in the cooling pool or in the construction of the wintering pool. The wintering pond area is determined according to the cooling water temperature and flow rate, and the water depth is 1.5-2 m. It is also advisable to use certain factory waste steam to adjust the tempering pool water as required and pass it into the wintering pond for insulation. This overwintering method can be adapted to local conditions and use heat source conditions, with low cost and good wintering effect. 3, plastic shelter earth pool winter. The wintering pond is selected where the leewards are sunny, the water quality is good, and the water and electricity are convenient. Overwintering pool is best to choose east-west, rectangular, area of ​​60-120 square meters, water depth to 2-2.5 meters, easy injection and drainage. The surface of the pool is reinforced with steel or bamboo to form arches or herringbone scaffolds. The height of the shed is 1.8-2 meters above the ground. It is covered with two layers of plastic film, and the outside is pressed with bamboo pieces. The shed is compacted with mud around the feet. This wintering method can use groundwater as a water source, keep the water temperature at 16-18°C, and have a good wintering effect, low cost, and easy promotion. If there is no groundwater, reservoirs, streams and rivers can be used to heat water through electric heaters to increase the water temperature. Generally, 30 cubic meters of water should be equipped with 1-2 kilowatts of electric heaters. This method is suitable for small-scale wintering of farmers. 4. To build a wintering house of glass over the winter. The wintering pond is cement ground, with an area of ​​50-80 square meters and a water depth of 1.5-2 meters. Overwintering pool is built around the brick wall, covered with transparent glass on top of the overwintering room. 5. Use wells for wintering. The depth of the well should be more than 5 meters. In the coldest season in winter, the water temperature should be maintained above 15-16 degrees Celsius. This method of overwintering is both economical and simple, and it is generally suitable for farmers to carry out wintering and preservation of a small amount of broodstock.
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Tilapia safe wintering "five strokes"
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