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Key Points of Lily Planting in Northern Sunlight Greenhouse
Facilities Conditions Irrigation System The irrigation systems used in the north include drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and self-made sprinkler irrigation, of which flood irrigation and homemade sprinkler irrigation are common. The advantages of flood irrigation and homemade sprinkler irrigation are economical. The disadvantage of flood irrigation is that the moisture is not easy to control, and it will increase the temperature of the greenhouse and destroy the soil structure; the disadvantage of homemade sprinkler irrigation is uneven moisture. To produce high-quality cut flowers, sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation are preferred. The heating methods adopted in the north of the heating system mainly include: pipe heating and air heating. The heat distribution of the pipeline heating is even and the temperature is easy to control, but the input cost is high. The air heating and heating speed is fast, but it is necessary to pay attention to the heart to make it evenly distributed, and to ensure that the burned gas can be fully discharged. The cooling methods used in the cooling system in the north include micro-spraying, shade nets, and ventilation. Preparation of soil before planting soil structure is very important for the growth of the lily, with rich humus, soil depth, loose, well drained. Lily hi slightly acid soil, salt and alkali resistance, the suitable pH value of Oriental Lily should be between 5.5 and 6.5, and the optimum pH value of Lily and Lilium candidum is 6.0-7.0. Most of the soils in northern China are loam and heavy loam soils, and the pH value is 7.2 to 8.0. The permeability of the soil is not enough to affect the growth. The high PH value affects the normal absorption of nutrients by plants, resulting in various symptoms of deficiency. Before planting the lily, the soil should be modified with organic manure or peat, and the soil pH should be adjusted with ferrous sulfate + citric acid. There are two common methods of soil disinfection: steam sterilization and chemical disinfection. Steam disinfection: less used in practice. Chemical disinfection: It is divided into soil disinfection and soil disinfection. Conventional soil disinfection refers to the first time the soil is planted. It can be treated with common fungicides and insecticides. Soil disinfection refers to soil that has been planted many times in a row. At this time, the soil must be strictly disinfected. Currently, the soil is chlorinated. Mainly disinfection, the advantage is a good effect, the disadvantage is the use of complex, requires professionals to complete, and highly toxic, high residue. The replacement product is a must-killer. Its use is simple, low toxicity and low residue. The thawing and disinfection of the bulbs are thawed immediately after arrival and the bulbs are slowly thawed in the cool place at 10°C to 15°C. If it cannot be planted in time, it must not be frozen again, otherwise it is prone to frost damage. The bulb should be placed at 0°C to 2°C for two weeks. 2 °C ~ 5 °C conditions can be stored for a week, storage should open the plastic film. After the ball is completely thawed, the ball is sterilized. The main method of disinfection is disinfectant soaking. The main method is carbendazim and enemy cough (in actual operation, if the ball does not have an abnormal condition and can be seeded in time, it may not be carried out. Disinfection or disinfection with water after planting. Planting depth and density vary according to species, specifications, and seasons. Springs and summers are usually denser and lighter, and winters are more dilute and darker. The planting densities of oriental lilies are listed below (indicated by bulbs per square meter). Due to the high temperature during summer colonization, in order to prevent stalk rot, the northern part is usually planted 2 to 3 cm after germination, and the top of the sphere is 4 to 5 cm away from the soil surface. In winter and spring, the top of the general ball is 6~8cm away from the soil surface. After the planting of the greenhouse management temperature to obtain high-quality lily cut flowers, the temperature control in the greenhouse is very important, in the rooting period (the first three weeks after the next species), the ideal temperature should be controlled between 12 °C ~ 13 °C, is conducive to lily stalks Rooting growth above 15°C is not conducive to the development of stem roots. When the stem roots begin to grow, the new stem roots will quickly replace the roots of the roots, providing 90% of the water and nutrients to the plants. Therefore, in order to obtain high quality lilies, the development of stem roots is critical. If the conditions can be cold season rooting or cellar rooting in the hot season, but this method should pay attention to control the matrix moisture content, not too large. After the rooting period is over, the temperature is gradually increased from 15°C to 17°C to 15°C, and the highest temperature is 28°C. Below 15°C, it is likely to cause buds and yellow leaves. Humidity The air humidity should be kept between 80% and 85%, but at the same time avoid excessive fluctuations, otherwise it will inhibit crop growth and cause some sensitive varieties to burn. The humidity in the greenhouse during the night is relatively high. In the morning, ventilation is to be carried out in stages and the humidity is slowly reduced, especially when the outdoor relative humidity is low, such as very cold or very warm weather. In addition, it is not advisable to water a lot in the daytime when the relative humidity in the greenhouse is low. In this case, it is best to water in the morning. There is no specific standard for soil moisture. "Hands are clumped and loosely grounded." Conditions can be used to pour cold water once before planting in high temperature season, not only can reduce the soil temperature, but also conducive to the development of stem roots. Immediately after planting, water should be poured once, and the second water should be poured depending on the soil conditions. Generally, it will not exceed three days, and it will be irrigated depending on the soil conditions. For fertilizing (1) half a mu of greenhouses, 6 to 8 cubic meters of rotten organic fertilizer (cattle, sheep, pig manure) should be applied and mixed well with the soil, preferably about 15 days before planting; (2) when planting Appropriate amount of long-term fertilizer can be applied as base fertilizer, and appropriate amount of long-term fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer at the same time, and appropriate insecticides and fungicides are applied at the same time. In general, five-and-a-half-acre greenhouses are applied in the eyes of diammonium phosphate and 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, and conditions can also increase the application of about 20 kilograms of bone meal. Insecticides may be carbofuran or iron antimony, bactericides may be used as bacteriophage nets or enemy coughers; (3) during the growth of oriental lilies, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, diammonium and urea are preferably used interchangeably; (4) During growth, depending on the growth conditions, some foliar fertilizers or plant growth regulators should be applied.
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