US developed nano-targeted drug delivery system

Release date: 2010-02-01

Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Medical School have developed a new targeted nanoparticle drug delivery system that attaches to the arterial wall and slowly releases the drug. The researchers say the system is expected to be a supplement or replacement for vascular stenting.

The system is spherical, 60 nanometers in diameter and consists of three layers: the innermost layer is the core layer of the drug and a polymer chain called polylactic acid (PLA); the middle layer is soy lecithin; the outermost layer is polyethylene. The diol (PEG) protects the nanoparticles as they travel in the blood vessels. Because of its small layer of protein fragments on its surface, it can adhere to the walls of blood vessels. Like the cocklebur, this kind of nanoparticles is also called "nanoburrs". The drug-loading system made of such nanoparticles not only delivers the drug precisely to the lesion, but also slowly releases the drug for several days.

This "nano burr" locks a special structure called the basement membrane that is exposed only when the arterial wall is damaged. Therefore, the drug delivery system can be used to treat atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases caused by inflammation. The drug in this system is only released when it is separated from the polymer chain. The longer the polymer chain, the longer the release time of the drug. Therefore, researchers can control the release time of the drug by controlling the length of the polymer chain. In animal experiments, the researchers controlled the drug release time to 12 days by controlling the length of the polymer chain.

The researchers said that in the next study they will further test "nano burrs" through a two-week mouse experiment to determine the most effective drug dose.

(Source: Kexun)

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