"Magic Shear" madman Zhang Feng re-issued Cell: Graphical new targeted Category 2 CRISPR system

Microorganisms use a variety of CRISPR-Cas systems to make up their immunity. Among them, two types of CRISPR systems (especially nuclease-based Cas9-based systems) have become the most popular gene editing tools. In a new achievement published in the Molecular Cell magazine in early January, the research team led by CRISPR pioneer Zhang Feng discovered two novel RNA-targeted Class 2 CRISPR systems.

In the same month, Zhang Feng and two NIH scientists published a SnapShot titled “Class 2 CRISPR-Cas Systems” in Cell magazine, which summarized the Class 2 CRISPR system in detail (see the figure below). According to the article, the CRISPR-Cas system is divided into two categories based on different effector proteins. Class 1 CRISPR-Cas systems utilize multiple protein effector complexes, while Class 2 CRISPR-Cas systems utilize a single protein effector.

Currently, the two types of CRISPR-Cas systems are divided into three types and nine subtypes. Conceptually, it mainly includes three aspects: 1) gene editing, including gene knockout, gene knock-in and priming mutation; 2) gene regulation and delivery of various functional components (such as transcription factors) to specific DNA The location; 3) targeting ssRNA.

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