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High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Ramie Covered with Plastic Film (II)
5. The quality of sowing ramie sowing not only affects seedling emergence, but also affects the nutrient supply and growth rate of ramie during each growth period. Therefore, the sowing amount is used as an important part of the mulching of the mulching to sow seedlings in order to achieve seedling quality. Miao Qi, Miao Zhuang's purpose. 1. Selection of improved varieties At present, the ramie varieties suitable for planting in Baicheng and Songyuan areas mainly include Zhege No. 1, Zheqian No. 2, Pin No. 1, and Long ear ramie, among which Zhege No. 1 is the cultivation time of these two regions. The oldest variety. If mulching method is used, high-yielding, large-long-spike Zhejing No. 3 can be selected. 2. The selection criteria is to use fine seeds, full, uniform size, bright colors, luster, and no disease spots for good seed use. It is generally required to select seeds that have matured earlier and fuller in the ear of the spindle or the ear in the first grade school. 3, the selection method a winnowing. Winds were selected 2-3 times with wind force to remove scorpions and seeds that were not full; b water selection. Seeds are soaked in clean water for 2-3 hours before sowing for 2-3 hours. Stir every half an hour to allow pods and lighter grains to float on top. Remove and discard the precipitated full seeds for soaking. . After water selection, the full seeds are soaked in warm water at 45°C to allow the water temperature to naturally drop, and soak for 20-25 hours for germination. 4. The seeds from the germination are loaded into the sacks and put on the indoor floor (the bottom is 20cm thick). The four corners are covered with sacks or plastics. The temperature is kept between 28°C and 30°C, and flipped 4-6 hours. . When the seed radicles are tipped, the germination is stopped and the seedlings are sown in a dark place indoors for sowing. 5, to determine the seeding rate According to production practices, mu seeding volume is generally 1.3-1.5 kg. 6. Seeding method Before sowing, the deep hole drilling operation shall be performed at a height of 10 cm in the sorghum with a hole diameter of 4 cm, a hole depth of no more than 5.5 cm and a spacing of 70 cm. Be sure to remove the eyelet diaphragm when drilling to prevent the seed from germinating. After sowing, sowing holes should be sealed with soil, and a little drum up, consistent with the thickness of the cover, to prevent temperature, heat, gas spill from the hole, seriously injured seedlings. In fact, in actual production, the farmers often cover the film after sowing, and then cut the seedlings after emergence. Artificial seedlings are not only labor-intensive, but also can cause seedlings if they are not released in time. Sixth, field management Field management can be divided into seedling period management and middle and late management. The management of seedling stage should be managed with thin film to prevent wind damage. If the film is found to have broken, scraped, or edges exposed, it should be treated in time and the film should be sealed and buried. In addition, timely release of seedlings to prevent burning seedlings, drought and irrigation, especially in the late middle and late fertility. Therefore, when there is flooding conditions when flooding, it is necessary to permulate water once and twice, and to raise seedlings. The management of ramie growth is mainly to prevent defertilization and control weeds. In addition to the above two points in the field management of castor, there is a very important increase in production measures, that is, the pruning of castor. Ramie is characterized by multiple branching and infinite growth. Correct and reasonable pruning can improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, so that nutrients can be concentrated to supply effective inflorescences, reduce dispersion loss, and increase yield. The specific approach is: When forming 5-6 true leaves, choose the sunny weather to remove the top buds of the plants, pay attention not to hurt the young leaves on both sides, control the number of spikes per species and type, for the branches at all levels Only long-leaved, unsturdy or less solid shoots that grow out are removed when pruning. Pruning can not be interrupted, the number of branches can be determined according to the growth trend, good growth can stay more, and vice versa is less to stay, for large spikes of late-maturing varieties, but also to protect the main stem and spikes 2-3 branches. Seven, harvest timely harvest standards, the fruit is dark brown, the sunken part of the obvious cracks is appropriate, mulching ramie cultivation can be harvested half a month earlier than the regular harvest of the first fruit. Comparing the cultivation of ramie mulch cover shows that the planting in this way can increase production by about one time compared to the conventional planting. The conventional planting ramie yields about 100 kilograms per mu, and the hectare yield is about 1500 kilograms. However, the yield per mu can reach 200-220 kilograms with mulching, the hectare can reach 3,000-3,300 kilograms, and the production cost is 800 yuan per hectare. Calculated at the market price of RMB 1.6/kg, the income of more than 7,600 yuan per hectare is a good project for increasing farmers' income in the west of Jilin Province. (Source: Jilin Rural Newspaper Sha Yujun Fu Jun)
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