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Carter black rot
The main symptoms of Carter black rot, also known as crown rot, damping-off disease, round spot disease, mainly damage the leaves, is one of the common fungal diseases in Caterland. Symptoms occurred most frequently in the leaves, causing damage to the leaves with fine, yellow-brown wet spots on the leaves. Irregular lesions occurred on the lower surface of the leaves. The lesions gradually expanded and the lesions were 2 to 3 cm in diameter. The transverse diameter is 7 to 8 centimeters long. It becomes water-stained. The older and older lesions become dark brown or black. Extruding water with force will cause the old lesions to become dry and black. There are 4 to 5 lesions in the leaves; the leaves then become soft or black, and soon they rot and fall off. The pathogenic bacteria can also invade the pseudobulbs and the base of the leaves. In severe cases, there are 6 to 8 spots of black dry leaves in each leaf. As a result, the leaves of the whole plant become black and dry and die. Pathogens and pathogenic characteristics of the pathogens of the fungus is a fungus of the subfamily Campylobacter sp. Pathogenic fungi are Phytophthora, Plasmodium, and Ultimate Mold. The pathogenic bacteria spread over the winter in the diseased part and the residual body with mycelium and sub-sporozoites, and spread with contaminated spores, splashed and spread, infested and polluted cultivated plant material and flowing water. The onset began at 20°C to 25°C. From June to September in high temperature and high humidity, it was the epidemic period. Repeatable infestation occurred repeatedly. When the temperature was between 25°C and 28°C, the disease spread rapidly, and the pathogenic bacteria spread rapidly. Hazardous. The incidence in the southern region is higher from August to October. Usually basin soil consolidation, planting too dense, poor air circulation, poor management of fertilizer and water, excessive nitrogen fertilizer or head watering can induce the disease. Especially in the summer and autumn when the number of rainfall and heavy storms, autumn heavy when the incidence is heavier. In addition to harming Catalan, it also harms stone worms, paphiopedilum, phalaenopsis, and Helan. Control methods 1 Clear dead leaves, sick bodies, cut off the diseased segments. 2 To improve the permeability of the garden, basin soil should be slightly acidic, fertile soil, use firewood, pond mud, sand, snake wood, ceramsite, bark and other planting materials; drain well, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, put Under the arbours, to avoid the appearance of water, the best drip irrigation. 3 spraying protection of new leaf, before or during the disease with 10% Bordeaux mixture or 0.1-0.2% copper sulfate spray; onset (mid-term) spray 50% carbendazim 500 to 800 times, 64% antivirus 1 000 Times of liquid, 40% extinction 600 times liquid or 65% zeocin zinc 600 times, 50% ketandan WP 400 to 500 times or 58% wet fungal wet powder 1000 times, 50% thiram 1 00 to 150 times the liquid or 75% chlorothalonil 800 times plus 0.2% detergent spraying leaf surface, keep ventilation to avoid moisture, effectively prevent disease occurrence. It can also be sprayed with 50% methyl hydroxy, 1500 times, or 40% Fuxing Emulsion or 25% myclobutanil EC 600 to 700 times, or 25% bromotriazole WP 50 times, and sprayed once every 7 to 10 days. Continuous spraying 3 to 4 times, the control effect is better.
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