Winter pruning and precautions for grapes

Winter pruning of grapes is also known as dormant pruning. Its main purpose is to ensure a certain number of buds, regulate growth and results, so as to ensure that good fresh buds are issued each year in order to achieve an increase in yield and a high yield in successive years. Pruning period: generally after the autumn leaves fall buried before cold. For varieties such as Xiangshan grapes, which are not protected against cold, they can be carried out before the defoliation to the sap flow period (injury period) in the following spring. Determination of the amount of bud left and the amount of left branching: When winter cutting is performed, the amount of bud left by the plant is closely related to the yield, quality and growth of the plant. Excessive amount of buds, plant load, new shoots dense, poor ventilation and light transmission, nutritional deficiencies can cause falling flowers. Ears with smaller grains, poor quality, delayed ripening, weak shoot growth, poor ripening. If the amount of shoots is too small, the number of branches will be insufficient and the shelf will be empty, which will also affect the output. Therefore, in order to increase the yield of grapes and ensure the quality of berries, it is necessary to determine a reasonable amount of buds per year according to the tree potential and the shelf surface. Generally, every square meter of frame can accommodate 15-20 new shoots. On this basis, it can be increased or decreased according to the tree potential. Trimming method: (1) Sparse cut: In order to ensure that each main vine, can be equipped with a result of a certain distance of the mother branch group, to unnecessary or impossible to use the branches completely cut off from the base. (2) Short: When pruning in winter, it is customary to shorten the new-year mature branches. The branches are cut short to the required length, and the length is determined mainly based on the trimming needs and the quality of the mature shoots. The length of pruning is generally: short shoots, leaving 1-24 sections; middle shoots, leaving 5-7 sections; long shoots, leaving 8-12 sections. Generally, shoots with mature shoots and strong growth potential can be properly cut; growth is weak, maturation is not good, and fineness can be kept short; varieties with low strength at the base of branches and branches should be trimmed with medium and long shoots; branches and vines are sparse. Places can make full use of space for long stays; for summer trimming, stricter cuts can be made, and new shoots for left to grow should be kept for a long time. (3) Renewal pruning: The dendrites that move up or forward too quickly in the result area are cut and replaced with mature shoots that occur at their base or nearby. The updated pruning branches and single branches were updated. Because the single branch was improperly handled or trimmed lightly, the branch germination power was not strong, and the base was not easy to form an ideal preparatory branch and it was difficult to grasp. This is not an introduction. Only two-branch updates are introduced. Usually, one branch consists of a result parent and a reserve branch. The results of long-term retention of the mother branch, the use of long, middle tip pruning, the next one for the preparation of branches to retain 2-3 buds, repeated alternately every year, using this method to cultivate newer and more reliable, suitable for weak branches of the species. Grape Winter Cut Notes: (1) The vines of the grapes are loose and the pith is large. The water and nutrients are easily lost. When the shoots are trimmed, they should be cut or cut at the upper part of the vine at 3-5 cm. The Ministry cuts; (2) Cut off dead branches, branches and branches, useless secondary branches and leggy branches. The long, buddy-toothed leggy branches are prone to serious blinding, and should be removed or shortened as much as possible, and full use of fully mature, shooty, plump new shoots; (3) in the case of thinning, cutting at the base About 1 cm or less, do not cling to the base and cut it until it is dry, then cut it off from its part. (4) For summer shoots or winter buds with a thickness of 0.8 cm or more and mature, you can choose to stay 2- In section 3, weak growth should be cut off.

Posted on November 13, 2018