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The cultivation points of rapeseed mulching in Huaibei area
In recent years, various regions have increased the adjustment of planting structure in the arrangement of autumn crops. While vigorously developing high-quality wheat, they have also accelerated the development of high-yield and high-quality rapeseed. However, rapeseed cultivation is generally arranged on late-infestations such as cotton aphid and hawthorn, which are often caused by late harvest, drought, freezing injury, improper management, etc., resulting in low yield and poor quality of rapeseed. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in rapeseed production, Huaibei area should vigorously promote rapeseed plastic film covering cultivation techniques. In general, 30-50 kg of rapeseed will be harvested, and the output will increase by 20-30%. The cultivation techniques are as follows: 1. Selection of improved varieties. Rape film mulching cultivation should use high-yield and high-quality hybrid rape varieties with long growing period, such as Huaza No. 3 and No. 4, so as to facilitate the increase of production potential of mulching film. 2, timely transplanting, reasonable close planting. Huaibei area cotton aphid, hawthorn rape, should be transplanted from the end of October to early November, seedling age 35-40 days, seedling height 20-25 cm, 6-8 green leaves, stem 0.5-0.7 cm thick. When transplanting, we must bring more soil, protect fibrous roots, remove sick and weak seedlings, and tall seedlings, so that we can raise seedlings, transplant and plant trees while we are pouring water to ensure that we turn green and grow quickly after weaving. The cultivation method is to use a wide row of narrow plants, with a spacing of 50 cm or so, a plant spacing of 20-25 cm, and a mid- or higher fertility field with 5000-6000 plants per acre. 3, apply enough base fertilizer. It is the key to cultivating rapeseed to obtain high yield and high quality. General Mushi quality farmyard fertilizer 3500-4000 kg, urea 10-15 kg, calcium superphosphate 40-50 kg, potassium fertilizer 10-15 kg, 1 kg of boron fertilizer as a base fertilizer, boron fertilizer must be applied to meet the rapeseed to boron Special needs. Base fertilizer combined with site preparation and deep application. 4, foot cover film. During the site preparation, weeds, weeds, etc. must be removed to achieve deep plowing, fine soil, loose soil, soft soil, deep flat furrows, and maintain soil moisture. When the sensation is good, the plastic film can be covered in advance, and it can also be watered before planting. The width is 150-200 centimeters wide, and the width of the film is 200 centimeters wide and 0.006 millimeters thick. Use 4-5 kilograms of mu. Before the film is covered, acre is sprayed with 50 kg of acetochlor and 50 kg of water is evenly sprayed on the surface of the loquat, and the film is coated 1 hour after spraying, which effectively prevents weeds in rape fields. The mulch is straightened along the side of the rim, laid flat, and the sides are immersed in the soil 8-10 cm, compacted, and then rows of rape seedlings are planted on the membrane as planned. Can also be transplanted rape seedlings, and then covered with plastic film, and then cut through the film to release rape seedlings. The transplanting hole should be filled and compacted with fine soil, so as to prevent the wind from uncovering the film. 5. Strengthen field management. Field management focuses on controlling hunger, promoting strong, preventing pests and diseases, and preventing premature aging. The mulching rapeseed grows more prosperous. Before the winter, the locust pests are heavier and heavier. They can use 10% imidacloprid 10g or 20g water plus 50kg water to control aphids. For overgrowth fields, before the winter solstice (in late December), mu is sprayed with 15% paclobutrazol 50-75g plus 50kg water, which can not only control the growth but also prevent freezing damage. When the rapeseed pods are 2-3 cm high, they are reapplied once. The application of urea is 10-15 kilograms. If the manure application is insufficient, the fertilizer can be applied before the initial flowering, and the urea of ​​5-7 kilograms can be applied. In the case of many rainy days and rapeseed growing well, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a serious hazard. It can be used in the early flowering stage and flowering stage of Miaoju. It can be used in 80% carbendazim 150g or 40% in sclerotium net 150g water 75kg. Spray, divided into 2 times to control Sclerotinia, combined with disease prevention can use 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea mixed spray, in order to help improve rapeseed photosynthetic intensity, increase grain number and grain weight. (Source: Anhui Agriculture)
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