Several common diseases and insect pests of Euonymus japonicus

1. The larvae of Cyprinus carpio larvae connect the surrounding leaves and tender shoots as temporary nests, and then they feed on them. In severe cases, they eat the leaves and cause seedlings to die. Morphological characteristics: The wings of the adult body are grayish white, with a purple-brown broad band at the front edge, the outer edge and the trailing edge of the fore-wing, and two white spots on the front of the purple-brown band. The scales are shiny and the magenta glitter. The larvae have black heads and yellow-green crests. The topline, subline, and valve are dark green to dark green, and the valve lines are orange. Occurrence pattern: In the northern region of China, two to three generations a year, larvae live in the midst of the pupa. The adult worms grow into nights and have phototaxis. Control methods: (1) Manual killing: In the adult spawning period, combined with seedling pruning, the egg masses and insect pests are removed and burned. (2) Use black light for light trapping during the adult period. (3) When the larvae are seriously damaged, they can spray 50% killer pine emulsion 1000 times; or 4.5% beta cypermethrin 2000 times; Bt emulsion 500 times spray (Note: Bt emulsion is strictly prohibited with the use of fungicides, spraying The effect is better after 4 pm on cloudy days.) 2. The leaves of the Eucommia ulmoides larvae feeding on the leaves of the Eucommia ulmoides larvae feed on the leaves of the larvae of the Euonymus japonica. In order to fly through the winter, adult fly ability is not strong, with a strong phototaxis. Morphological characteristics: adults, female adults wings silvery white, with a pale gray lines, sizes, irregular arrangement. The outer edge of the forehead has a continuous light gray pattern, the midline does not form a line, there is a large spot at the end of the middle chamber, the wing base has a dark yellow, brown, gray patch, the abdomen is golden yellow, and the black spots make up the stripe 9 lines. Male moth belly stripes 7 lines. The larvae are all black and the pronotum is yellow, with five nearly square dark spots, and the valve and ventral lines are wide and yellow. Control methods: (1) Use adult phototaxis, light trapping in the adult stage. (2) The larvae should be sprayed with 500% of 500% acacia pine EC or 2000% of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin in the hazardous period. (3) Eradicate spawning eggs during spawning. Winter turn over the roots of the soil to kill overwhelming insects. 3. Japanese turtle wax introduced one generation a year, with fertilized female adults on the shoots overwintering. Morphological characteristics: Female adults, waxy or slightly flesh-red, oval-shaped. Male adult, dark brown or brown, with deep head and chest backplates. Nymphs, wax shells oval to elliptic, slightly raised on the back. Control methods: (1) Prevention and control of quarantine measures: When purchasing seedlings in different places, it is imperative to strictly implement the phytosanitary procedures to prevent pests from spreading. (2) Strengthen management of garden maintenance: Through environmental protection management, create environmental conditions that are not suitable for the survival of scale insects. Rotational planting was carried out to clear the garden in time, and defoliation, weeds, and pests and branches were burned in a centralized manner, which reduced the number of insect pests in overwintering, rationalized fertilization, and enhanced plant resistance. Reasonable pruning, making it airy and transparent, changing the living environment of intermediaries, weakening its fertility and reducing harm. (3) Chemical control: When the density of insect population is not high, soft brush can be used to kill a small amount of dichlorvos (1:50 to 100 times liquid). The nymphs are flourishing, spraying detergent diesel oil emulsion; 150 to 200 times buckwheat oil emulsion; 1% oxymatrine 1000 to 2000 times fluid; 2000 to 2500 times killing vigorously, spraying once every 10 days, even spraying 3 Times. (4) Protect natural enemies such as parasitic bees. 4. Peach whitefly, wingless, female, female, and rufous, clustered on branch shoots and young leaves, back sucking juice harm, often white waxy secretions on the damaged leaves, easily cause coal pollution, severe blacking, affecting plant growth And ornamental value. The Tangshan region takes about 10 generations a year. Control methods: (1) Protect natural enemies such as ladybugs and grasshoppers. (2) Chemical control: It can be sprayed with 20% chrysanthemum emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times or 2000 to 3000 times imidacloprid powder. 5. Powdery mildew endangers the leaves of Euonymus japonicus. The damaged plants show shrinkage deformity and affect growth. Powdery mildew is mostly distributed on the front of leaves of Euonymus japonicus, rarely on the back of the leaves, with a single round of lesions, and the white lesions are enlarged and healed irregularly. Control methods: (1) Appropriate trimming to enhance permeability. (2) In the initial stage of disease, 25% triadimefon 1300 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl 700 times, and 50% eutectic WP 800 times. If the disease is serious, it must be trimmed, and the diseased leaves must be cut off and burned, and then sprayed with pesticides. 6. When Euonymus japonicus has serious damage to leaf spot, it causes fallen leaves to fall ahead of time, forming bald branches, affecting the viewing and even causing death. The disease occurred on the new leaf, which developed a small yellow spot and expanded into an irregular large spot. The lesion edge bulged and the brown edge was wider. There is an extended yellow halo around the bulging edge, with a yellow-brown or gray-brown center and black dots on top. Control methods: (1) Choose robust and disease-free seedlings for planting. (2) From the beginning of June to July, spraying 50% carbendazim 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil 500 times and 50% eutectic WP 800 to 1000 times to prevent and reduce the incidence Rate, spray once every 10 to 15 days, even spray 3 times. (3) Debris removal was concentrated and burned in winter. 7. Stalk rot caused by stem rot of Euonymus japonicus is one of the major diseases of Euonymus japonicus var. The first and second year old branches suffered the most serious damage. In the early stages, the stems became brown, the leaves were chlorogenic, the shoots were drooping, the leaves did not fall off, the affected parts of the stems became dark, the cortex collapsed, the endothelium rotted, and many fine black bacteria were produced. Nuclear, as the temperature rises, the affected area develops rapidly and the bacteria invade the xylem, causing the death of the whole plant. Cause of the disease: The pathogen that causes stalk rot in the yellow leaf field is a semi-known fungus, which normally lives in the soil. As the temperature rises, the soil temperature also rises, and the bacteria invade the stems of the seedlings. Especially in high-temperature and low-lying areas, the incidence is more common. Control methods: (1) Strengthen the maintenance and management of seedlings and increase their own resistance to diseases. (2) The use of sufficiently mature farmyard manure as base fertilizer can reduce the incidence of seedlings. (3) Summer seedlings adopt measures such as shade shelters, and large seedlings can be planted ground cover plants or grass cover to destroy the environmental conditions in which the germs occur. (4) Cut off the diseased shoots in time and concentrate them on burning. (5) When the number of diseased seedlings is small, brush 50 times 50% carbendazim solution or 50 times 25% enemy dewetting oil (propoxazole) can be applied to the stem at the early stage of disease. When the amount of diseased seedlings is large or the incidence is high, 800 to 1000 times 25% of the enemy's de-emergent oil or 500 to 600 times 50% of the eubacterial powder is sprayed on seedlings. Both methods are performed once every 7 days for 3 to 4 consecutive times, which can play a preventive and therapeutic role.

Posted on October 17, 2018