Loach artificial breeding technology

Loach is a genus of fish and fish, and it is a warm-water fish. Mud body elongated, sub-cylindrical, more than 10 centimeters long; yellow-brown, with irregular black spots; small mouth, lower, have; meat light, delicate, delicious meat, rich in nutrition, according to analysis, the mud with the human body must Some nutrients, such as protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and trace elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, etc., especially protein content of 22.6 grams per hundred grams, is an important export of aquatic products one. Loach is highly adaptable to the environment, easy to breed, convenient to transport, and low in production costs. Artificial breeding of loach is a good way to make a fortune.

The loach has a strong vitality and enjoys living in rice fields and ponds where there is water all year round. The loach inhabits the bottom of the still water and has humus silt. It likes to move on the ground. At night, it feeds on insects, flat snails and aquatic plants, and also eats humus. The loach wall is thin, the intestine is straight, and the blood vessels are widely distributed. It can breathe. When there is an oxygen deficiency in the water, it can also use the intestine to breathe on the water in addition to the earthworms. This happens before sudden climate change and low-pressure storm. In winter, the water is dried and drilled in the mud, and the moist environment allows the intestines to breathe, which also keeps life alive.

The optimum temperature for loach activity is 18-30°C, and it grows fastest when the water temperature is 25-28°C, rising above 30qc, that is, inhabiting the mud bottom or grass layer. The water temperature dropped below 10°C and hibernation began. The following year, the water temperature rose by more than 5°C and began to emerge. From April to October, the growth was strong. He likes to feed at night, where animals, plants, microorganisms and organic debris are all good feeds.

China's vast freshwater basins, such as rivers, lakes, creeks and ditches, especially muddy fields, mountain fields, fertile fields in front of the house, and Shantang Reservoir, and wells in the bottom of the well, can be cultured in fertilizers and silt rich in organic matter. loach. Its breeding techniques are as follows:

First, build pond culture

Choose ample sunshine, convenient water supply, and build a pool near the house. The area of ​​100-150 square meters is appropriate, seedlings can be smaller, 30-50 square meters is better. Pool depth is generally 50-100 cm. Concrete walls can be used around, film sticking, and light walls. There is an inlet and an outlet. In order to prevent the muddy from escaping or being washed away by the flood, the entrance and exit are surrounded by barbed wire or plastic nets and sluice gates. At the bottom of the pond, loose 30-40 cm thick soil layer or add some mud for the mud to avoid the heat, keep the cold, escape and use for habitat.

Second, accelerate seed propagation

The loach begins to spawn at the 2nd age of sexual maturity, and during the peak season of the 4th to 8th month of breeding, the amount of spawning of the tail (bar) is 4000-7000 grains. Broodstock selection criteria: robust, active and sporty, no injury, normal color, mucous surface, body length 10-20 cm, weight 30-50 grams is better. Identification of male and female methods: Female pectoral short pectoral fins, obtuse front, was fan-shaped, round body fat, single color, early in April breeding season, gently pinch the abdomen with egg granules outflow; male 鳅 long thin, mixed color, rapid activity, reproduction There is semen overflow in the abdomen by hand during the season. The vast majority of breeding methods take natural spawning. First clean up the spawning pool after spring, disinfect it with quicklime, and put it into clean water. After the toxicity is over, the broodstock will be fed into the pond at a ratio of 1:3 for males and 20 kg per mu. When the water temperature rises above 15°C, fish nests are made from branches, brown pieces, and ice grass, and they are fixed around the pool and at the bottom of the central pool, allowing them to lay eggs. In the morning, remove the attached eggs and place them in the hatchery to hatch. When the water temperature rises about 24°C for 1-2 days, it may hatch.

The hatchlings are 3-4 millimeters long, and they are attached to the fish nest and can swim freely for a certain period of time. After the seedlings are filmed, they are promptly transferred to breeding ponds for cultivation, and 800-1000 tails per square meter. During the seedling cultivation period, mainly cooked egg yolk, soymilk, milk powder and fish meal were used. Later, rice bran, bean dregs, wheat bran, etc. were fed. 1-2 shots per day, and the amount of feeds accounted for about 10% of stocking. After 1 month, the seedlings up to 3.5 centimeters in length were moved to a holding pond or paddy field for stocking; about 6 months later, the body was about 5 centimeters long, and the ponds could be put into pond breeding.

Third, feeding and management

1. Pond rearing method: Clear the pond before stocking, and pour about 20 centimeters of clay on the bottom of the pond. The water depth is 40-50 centimeters. Fertilizer is used to grow fertilizer and water, and then it is put into the locust species, and 2-30000 seeds are cast per 667 square meters. Feed artificial diets, such as small beetles, insects, fly maggots, oysters, oysters, fish meal, livestock and poultry waste, wheat bran, rice bran, bean dregs, etc., and sometimes also eat water bottom humus, mud and organic debris. The daily feeding amount is calculated according to the weight of stocking loach, which is generally 10% in March, 4% in April-June, 10% in July-August, 4% in September-October, and not voted in November until February of the following year. bait. At the same time, fertilization should be carried out according to the water quality of thin and thin plankton to cultivate plankton. The water temperature reaches 30°C. Always replace the new water and increase the depth to lower the water temperature. When it is found that the muddy swims to the floating surface of the water surface to “swallow”, this indicates that the water is deprived of oxygen and fertilization should be stopped and new water should be injected. In winter, the depth of pool water should be increased, and manure and pig manure should be applied at the pool corner to increase the water temperature. Generally about 20 centimeters of loach can be captured for sale on the market.

2. Rice field farming method: After every year, early and mid-season rice transplants are stocked. Each square meter of water is cast in 10-12mm and 30-50 tails. Raise the field ridges before restocking so that the fields do not collapse. Put bamboo screens at the outlet of the paddy field to stop the mud from escaping, and then dig a 6-7 m2 deep, 50-60 cm deep fish pit near the nearest drainage port, as a habitat for muddy mud when the water temperature is high in summer or in dry fields. Land, but also easy to catch. Foods are mainly based on natural foods, and they are fed with rice bran and bran to prevent deterioration of water quality. Minimize the application of ammonium bicarbonate or ammonia in paddy fields. When the rice is harvested, it can be harvested. About 25-35 kg can be produced per mu.

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