Gong cuisine has been cultivated for more than 2,000 years in China and is a green high-grade dehydrated vegetable. The tribute is rich in vitamins and trace elements, which are very beneficial to the human body. The use of soilless cultivation techniques for three-dimensional planting can improve land utilization, increase cultivation coefficient and yield per unit area. Organic ecological soilless cultivation technology refers to a soilless cultivation technique that uses natural solid fertilizer as a cultivation substrate without using natural soil, without using traditional nutrient solution to irrigate plant roots, and directly irrigating crops with clear water. Compared with traditional soilless cultivation, it is easy to operate (only need to irrigate water in production, no need to plant nutrient solution, adjust various nutrients in nutrient solution, greatly reduce management difficulty); less one-time investment (only irrigation facilities, reduced Nutrient solution preparation, nutrient solution detection, regulation, supplement of various equipment materials), a large number of production costs; no pollution to the environment; product quality can reach the "green food" standard, is a high efficiency, low cost and simple Soil cultivation technology. The organic ecological soilless cultivation techniques of tribute vegetables include variety selection, facility preparation, seedling cultivation, planting, field management, pest control, harvesting and processing, etc., in order to provide technical reference for organic ecological soilless cultivation of tribute vegetables. First, the variety selection Choose high-yield, disease-resistant, and stress-resistant tribute varieties such as Brassica No. 2. Second, the facility preparation 1. Cultivation facilities The organic ecological soilless cultivation of tribute vegetables can be selected from cultivation troughs and three-dimensional cultivation racks. Because the root system of tribute is not developed and the growth time is short, the “A†shaped three-dimensional PVC pipe multi-layer cultivation frame is adopted. The specifications are PVC pipe diameter 16cm, upper opening width 10cm, pipe length 4cm, and bracket height 140cm. A rack of 7 PVC pipes is placed. 2, cultivation substrate The seedling substrate can be mixed with peat, vermiculite and perlite in a ratio of 2:1:1; or used as raw materials with decomposed cow dung, slag and slag, and mixed in a ratio of 4:5:2; The seedling substrate produced by the manufacturer. In addition to the directly purchased seedling substrate, the seedling substrate prepared by itself must be disinfected before being put into use. In order to ensure the sustainability of the fertilizer supply, the cultivation substrate can be used by mixing the seedling substrate, the decomposed manure, and the decomposed chicken manure in a ratio of 5:3:2. Third, nursery 1, seed treatment Disinfection treatment The tribute seeds are first soaked in water for 3 to 4 hours, then soaked in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 minutes, or soaked in 40% formalin 100 times solution for 20 minutes, and then rinsed with water to carry out germination. The temperature required for germination of germination seeds is low, and the germination temperature is 15-20 ° C. Therefore, low temperature germination treatment must be carried out before sowing in high temperature season. The sterilized seeds are wrapped with gauze, placed in an incubator at 15 to 20 ° C or hoisted into the well, about 15 to 20 cm from the water surface. Wash once a day, usually 3d or so seeds can be sown. 2, sowing The seedling container is preferably selected from the seedling tray, and the tray of 50 points or 72 points can be selected, and the seedling substrate after disinfection is filled, and the water is poured once with a watering can, and the seed can be sown after the water is infiltrated. Seeds of two or three seeds per hole, after the sowing, a thin layer of nutrient soil is not suitable for seed. Cover with a layer of non-woven fabric to cover the shade, and then cover with a layer of plastic film to moisturize. 3. Seedling management After sowing, pay attention to maintaining the humidity of the substrate. When water is lacking, water it with a watering can. After 60% of the seedlings are unearthed, the non-woven fabric and film can be removed. After the emergence of the seedlings, in order to prevent the seedlings from growing, keep the trays dry and see the wet. When the seedlings grow to one or two true leaves for seedlings, each well retains a seedling that is robust and has cotyledons intact. Seedlings can be colonized when they grow to four or five true leaves. Fourth, colonization 1. Cultivation container preparation Lay a thick layer of non-woven fabric in the PVC pipe on the cultivation frame to prevent the cultivation substrate from being lost with water when watering (if it is used for the second time, use 1% potassium permanganate for PVC pipe and non-woven fabric) The solution is sterilized). Add the sterilized cultivation substrate, add 2~3cm from the upper mouth of the pipe, level the surface of the substrate and then sprinkle water. After the water seeps, it can be planted. 2, seedling colonization Before planting, sprinkle a small amount of water on the seedling tray with a watering can. After the water has infiltrated, select four or five true leaves and thick seedlings at the base. Gently take out the stalks and plant them in a PVC cultivation pipeline. Each row is planted in a row. 15~20cm watering after planting. V. Field management The field management of organic ecological soilless cultivation is mainly water management. Irrigation facilities are generally suitable for installation of drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler irrigation facilities. However, in order to save cost, a shower can be installed on the rubber hose when the “A†shaped three-dimensional cultivation frame is cultivated, and artificial irrigation is adopted. Because of the use of mulch seedling transplanting, the tribute seedlings do not need to be kept after planting, so it is necessary to pay attention to control the water to prevent the emergence of seedlings. Generally, it is used to see dry and wet, the surface layer is dry and watered, and the watering should be poured once. When two leaf rings are grown, the water management of the heart leaf and the rosette leaves is changed to “promotingâ€, and at the same time, watering is applied, and two or three times of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are properly applied, and spraying is applied every 10 to 15 days. % to 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. At this stage, pay attention to the watering should be even, not dry and wet to prevent the stem from cracking. Sixth, pest control In the greenhouse, tribute is prone to pests such as larvae and thrips, and is susceptible to downy mildew when the air humidity is high. The yellow traps are suspended in the greenhouse to trap the larvae, and the blue traps are used to trap the thrips with a hanging density of 30-40 pieces/mu. When the pests occur severely, the larvae can spray 5% flubendialdehyde emulsifiable concentrate 1500-2000 times liquid, or 23% 1500 times dangerous oil, or 3000-5000 times 1.8% Avi in ​​the egg hatching period and larval stage. The phytohormone emulsifiable concentrate is 1000 times high-chlorine spray; the hummer is continuously controlled two times and three times with 5% acetamiprid 2000 times, and 50 g of brown sugar can be added to the medicinal solution to fully improve the control effect. In the early stage of the disease, downy mildew can be sprayed with 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution, or 69% Anke manganese zinc 1000 times solution alternately. Seven, harvest The tribute usually takes about 80 to 90 days from sowing to harvesting. The best harvest period is when the top of the stem of the tribute is level with the tip of the highest leaf. At this time, the stem has grown sufficiently, and the meat is crisp and tender. If the harvest is too late, the flower will be elongated, and the fiber will increase, and the meat will become hard and even hollow. Eight, processing The harvested tribute is cut into a conical shape with a knife, and the leaves are removed to remove the outer skin, keeping the top of the stem. Then, it is cut longitudinally from the young shoots of the stems. It is strip-shaped, with a thin section of one or two knives, and a thick section of two or three knives. After cutting, it is hung on the string to dry, and when it is folded, it is removed and sorted. Storage. As a high-grade dehydrated vegetable, tribute has high planting efficiency, and soilless cultivation technology is suitable for the development of large growers and cooperatives, which can create good economic benefits. Tuna Loin,Frozen Tuna Loin,Fresh Tuna Loin,Yellowfin Tuna Loin ZHEJIANG RETRONX FOODSTUFF INDUSTRY CO.,LTD , https://www.retronxfoods.com
How to plant tribute? Organic ecological soilless cultivation technique